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Improving the Selectivity of Metal Oxide Semiconductor Sensors for Mustard Gas Simulant 2-Chloroethyl Ethyl Sulfide by Combining the Laminated Structure and Temperature Dynamic Modulation.
Sensors (Basel)
January 2025
Institute of NBC Defence, Beijing 102205, China.
Insufficient selectivity is a major constraint to the further development of metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) sensors for chemical warfare agents, and this paper proposed an improved scheme combining catalytic layer/gas-sensitive layer laminated structure with temperature dynamic modulation for the Mustard gas (HD) MOS sensor. Mustard gas simulant 2-Chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (2-CEES) was used as the target gas, (Pt + Pd + Rh)@AlO as the catalytic layer material, (Pt + Rh)@WO as the gas-sensitive layer material, the (Pt + Pd + Rh)@AlO/(Pt + Rh)@WO sensor was prepared, and the sensor was tested for 2-CEES and 12 battlefield environment simulation gases under temperature dynamic modulation. The results showed that the sensor only showed obvious characteristic peaks in the resistance response curves to HD under certain conditions (100-400 °C, the highest temperature was held for 1 s and the lowest temperature was held for 2 s), and its peak height reached 6.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdentifying candidate RNA-seq biomarkers for severity discrimination in chemical injuries: A machine learning and molecular dynamics approach.
Int Immunopharmacol
January 2025
Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Introduction: Biomarkers play a crucial role across various fields by providing insights into biological responses to interventions. High-throughput gene expression profiling technologies facilitate the discovery of data-driven biomarkers through extensive datasets. This study focuses on identifying biomarkers in gene expression data related to chemical injuries by mustard gas, covering a spectrum from healthy individuals to severe injuries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpact of humidity on the adsorption and decomposition of mustard gas simulant on heteroatom-modified nanoporous carbon textiles.
J Hazard Mater
January 2025
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Ave., New York, NY 10031, United States. Electronic address:
Activated carbon textile (C-Text) was chemically modified to incorporate oxygen- (C-Text-O), nitrogen- (C-Text-ON), and/or sulfur- (C-Text-OS) containing surface functional groups, aiming to enhance their reactive adsorption capacity. The modified textiles were evaluated for their ability to detoxify 2-choloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) in both vapor and liquid phases, under dry and humid conditions. The maximum amount of water adsorbed was directly affected by the surface area (R = 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhotocatalytic detoxification of a sulfur mustard simulant using donor-enhanced porphyrin-based covalent-organic frameworks.
Nanoscale
January 2025
Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Function Materials for Molecule & Structure Construction, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
Photocatalytic detoxification of sulfur mustards (, bis (2-chloroethyl) sulfide, SM) is an effective approach for protecting the ecological environment and human health. In order to fabricate COFs with high performance for the selective transformation of the SM simulant 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) to nontoxic 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfoxide (CEESO), three porphyrin-based COFs with different donor groups (R = H, OH, and OMe) were synthesized. Among these COFs, COF-OMe, which possesses the strongest electron-donating ability, demonstrated a faster and higher detoxification rate of CEES at various concentrations, achieving selective oxidation of CEES to non-toxic CEESO with 99.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDichloroacetate protects against sulfur mustard-induced neurotoxicity via the PDK/PDH axis and Akt/Nrf2 pathway.
Free Radic Biol Med
January 2025
Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China. Electronic address:
Sulfur mustard (SM) is a major toxic chemical threat to public health. Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered a critical contributing factor to mustard agent-induced damage. The brain is vulnerable to SM, which can lead to various types of acute and long-term psychiatric distress after exposure, but the neurotoxic mechanisms of SM, let alone drug candidates for antidotes, are seldom studied.
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