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Carbohydrate Ingestion Eliminates Hypoglycemia & Improves Endurance Exercise Performance in Triathletes Adapted to Very Low & High Carbohydrate Isocaloric Diets.
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol
January 2025
Sansum Diabetes Research Institute, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
Very-low-carbohydrate diets (LCHF; <50g/day) have been debated for their potential to lower pre-exercise muscle and liver glycogen stores and metabolic efficiency, risking premature fatigue. It is also hypothesized that carbohydrate ingestion during prolonged exercise delays fatigue by increasing carbohydrate oxidation, thereby sparing muscle glycogen. Leveraging a randomized crossover design, we evaluated performance during strenuous time-to-exhaustion (70%⩒O) tests in trained triathletes following 6-week high-carbohydrate (HCLF, 380g/day) or very-low-carbohydrate (LCHF, 40g/day) diets to determine (i) if adoption of the LCHF diet impairs time-to-exhaustion performance, (ii) whether carbohydrate ingestion (10g/hour) 6-12x lower than current CHO fuelling recommendations during low glycogen availability (>15-hour pre-exercise overnight fast and/or LCHF diet) improves time-to-exhaustion by preventing exercise-induced hypoglycemia (EIH; <3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUndernutrition affects metabolism and immune response in subcutaneous adipose tissue of pregnant ewes.
FASEB J
January 2025
College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.
Pregnant ewes mobilize body fat to increase energy supply for fetal growth and development upon undernutrition, which disrupts the metabolic homeostasis of the body. However, the comprehensive metabolic changes in subcutaneous adipose tissue upon undernutrition are poorly understood. In this study, an undernutrition sheep model was established to investigate the effects of undernutrition on metabolic changes, immune response, and inflammation in subcutaneous fat through transcriptome, RT-qPCR, and metabolome analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPublic Health.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Background: Women's reproductive experiences may enact reorganization of physiological systems with lifelong health consequences. We test the hypothesis that women's history of breastfeeding will be positively associated with neurocognitive benefits in post-menopausal women. This hypothesis is justified by breastfeeding's well-established benefits for mothers' glucose homeostasis, beta-cell function, adipose tissue mobilization, and lipid metabolism, which would plausibly be beneficial for later-life brain health.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: NA-831 is a new drug candidate, exhibiting neuroprotection, neurogenesis and memory enhancing properties for the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). NA-931 is an analog of NA-831, regulating the homeostasis of the triple: IGF-1, GLP-1 and GIP functions for obesity.
Method: A randomized clinical trial of NA-831 was performed in 112 participants with mild and moderate AD, half received the drugs and half received placebo.
Multifaceted Catalytic Glucose Depletion and Reactive Oxygen Species-Scavenging Nanoenzyme Composite Hydrogel for Facilitating Diabetic Bone Regeneration.
ACS Nano
January 2025
National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.
Regeneration of diabetic bone defects remains a formidable challenge due to the chronic hyperglycemic state, which triggers the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). To address this issue, we have engineered a bimetallic metal-organic framework-derived Mn@CoO@Pt nanoenzyme loaded with alendronate and Mg ions (termed MCPtA) to regulate the hyperglycemic microenvironment and recover the osteogenesis/osteoclast homeostasis. Notably, the Mn atom substitution in the CoO nanocrystalline structure could modulate the electronic structure and significantly improve the SOD/CAT catalytic activity for ROS scavenging.
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