Background: Environmental changes, including declining microbial exposure, have been linked with the rising incidence of allergic and autoimmune diseases in 'western' populations. This potentially occurs by altering early development of immuno-regulatory pathways including T regulatory cells (T(reg)). There is now increasing evidence that such conditioning begins in utero.
Methods: We compared neonatal T(reg) from children born under typical western conditions (Australia, AUS) with those of neonates born under more traditional conditions of high microbial burden (Papua New Guinea, PNG).
Results: The frequency of neonatal T(reg), defined as CD4(+) Foxp3(+) CD127(-) CD25(+/high) was found to be higher in the cord blood of AUS compared to PNG newborns. However, cord T(reg) suppressive function in a small subset of children was qualitatively similar between PNG and AUS newborns in both a T(reg) depletion assay and a T(reg) supplementation assay.
Conclusions: These findings do not support the hypothesis that living in a 'western' versus more traditional environment leads to poor induction or suppressive function of neonatal T(reg). However, environmentally-induced immuno-regulation may potentially occur via alternative mechanisms in PNG newborns that should now be investigated further.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3038.2011.01242.x | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
The Immunomodulatory Role of Regulatory T Cells in Preterm Birth and Associated Pregnancy Outcomes.
Int J Mol Sci
November 2024
School of Life Course & Population Sciences, King's College London, 10th Floor North Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK.
Spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB), defined as live birth before 37 weeks of gestational age, is associated with immune dysregulation and pro-inflammatory conditions that profoundly impact newborn health. The question of immune integrity at the maternal-foetal interface is a focus of recent studies centring not only sPTB but the conditions often affiliated with this outcome. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a critical anti-inflammatory role in pregnancy, promoting foetal tolerance and placentation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF2'-Fucosyllactose and 3'-Sialyllactose Reduce Mortality in Neonatal Enteroaggregative Infection by Improving the Construction of Intestinal Mucosal Immunity.
J Agric Food Chem
November 2024
Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Human milk oligosaccharides could prevent pathogenic bacterial infections in neonates; however, direct in vivo anti-infection evidence was still lacking. Here, we systematically evaluated the effects of 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) and 3'-sialyllactose (3'-SL) on the structural development and functional maturation in neonates and their defense against enteroaggregative infection. It was found that supplementation with 2'-FL and 3'-SL improved the resistance of weaned mice to enteroaggregative .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIcariin ameliorates Coxsackievirus B3-induced viral myocarditis by modulating the S100 calcium binding protein A6/β-catenin/c-Myc signaling pathway.
Phytomedicine
December 2024
The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University and School of Basic Medical sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China. Electronic address:
Background: Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is a leading cause of viral myocarditis and is currently lacking specific pharmacological treatments, highlighting the critical need for therapeutic development. Icariin (ICA), a prenylated flavonol glycoside, was previously found to exhibit several pharmacological effects, but its potential to combat CVB3 remains uninvestigated.
Purpose: This study aimed to elucidate the anti-CVB3 efficacy of ICA and elucidate its molecular mechanisms.
Human breastmilk memory T cells throughout lactation manifest activated tissue-oriented profile with prominent regulation.
JCI Insight
September 2024
Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Breastfeeding provides important immunological benefits to the neonate, but how the different immunoactive components in breastmilk contribute to immunity remains poorly understood. Here, we characterized human breastmilk T cells using single-cell RNA-Seq and flow cytometry. Breastmilk contained predominantly memory T cells, with expression of immune signaling genes, high proliferation, and an effector Th1/cytotoxic profile with high cytokine production capacities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFecal microbiota transplantation alleviates food allergy in neonatal mice via the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway and change of the microbiota composition.
World Allergy Organ J
October 2024
Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
Article Synopsis
- Food allergies in children are linked to gut microbiota, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has potential as a treatment, though its effectiveness in this context needs further validation.
- The study utilized a mouse model to analyze the impacts of FMT on food allergies, finding that it improved gut microbiota diversity and reduced inflammation and allergic responses.
- The research suggests that FMT promotes immune tolerance through specific immune pathways, hinting at a new therapeutic approach for managing food allergies by restoring gut health.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!