There are only a few studies assessing the relationship between adherence rate to ICS, as assessed by electronic monitoring, and the level of asthma control in childhood. The present study was carried out to examine the relationship between adherence to beclomethasone diproprionate (BDP) as well as other factors related to poor asthma control. In this prospective cohort study, 102 steroid naïve randomly selected subjects with persistent asthma, aged 5-14 years were prescribed 500-750 μg daily of BDP-CFC and followed during one year. Adherence to BDP was measured electronically in the 4th, 8th and 12th months of study. The level of asthma control was classified as either controlled or uncontrolled instead of the current three categories recommended by the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA). Mean adherence rate was higher in patients with controlled asthma during follow-up, but went down from 60.4% in the 4th month to 49.8% in the 12th month (p = 0.038). Conversely, among patients with uncontrolled asthma, the mean adherence rate decreased from 43.8% to 31.2% (p = 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that the level of asthma control was independently associated to the adherence rate in all follow-up visits (p-values equal or lower than 0.005). The level of asthma control was directly proportional to adherence rate. Our results suggest that a BDP daily dose by 300 μg seems to be enough to attain control over mild and moderate persistent asthma, including exercise induced asthma.
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