We study the critical behavior of the Ising model in the case of quenched disorder constrained by fractality on random Sierpinski fractals with a Hausdorff dimension d(f) is approximately equal to 1.8928. This is a first attempt to study a situation between the borderline cases of deterministic self-similarity and quenched randomness. Intensive Monte Carlo simulations were carried out. Scaling corrections are much weaker than in the deterministic cases, so that our results enable us to ensure that finite-size scaling holds, and that the critical behavior is described by a new universality class. The hyperscaling relation is compatible with an effective dimension equal to the Hausdorff one; moreover the two eigenvalues exponents of the renormalization flows are shown to be different from the ones calculated from ε expansions, and from the ones obtained for fourfold symmetric deterministic fractals. Although the space dimensionality is not integer, lack of self-averaging properties exhibits some features very close to the ones of a random fixed point associated with a relevant disorder.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.84.051132 | DOI Listing |
J Neurosurg
January 2025
Departments of1Biomedical Engineering.
Objective: Epilepsy is a common neurological disease affecting nearly 1% of the global population, and temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common type. Patients experience recurrent seizures and chronic cognitive deficits that can impact their quality of life, ability to work, and independence. These cognitive deficits often extend beyond the temporal lobe and are not well understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJMIR Ment Health
January 2025
Inspire, Belfast, United Kingdom.
Background: There is potential for digital mental health interventions to provide affordable, efficient, and scalable support to individuals. Digital interventions, including cognitive behavioral therapy, stress management, and mindfulness programs, have shown promise when applied in workplace settings.
Objective: The aim of this study is to conduct an umbrella review of systematic reviews in order to critically evaluate, synthesize, and summarize evidence of various digital mental health interventions available within a workplace setting.
J Neurosurg
January 2025
1Department of Bioengineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia.
Objective: The complex mix of factors, including hemodynamic forces and wall remodeling mechanisms, that drive intracranial aneurysm growth is unclear. This study focuses on the specific regions within aneurysm walls where growth occurs and their relationship to the prevalent hemodynamic conditions to reveal critical mechanisms leading to enlargement.
Methods: The authors examined hemodynamic models of 67 longitudinally followed aneurysms, identifying 88 growth regions.
Langmuir
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 928 Second Street, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310018, China.
Molecule-electrode interfaces play a pivotal role in defining the electron transport properties of molecular electronic devices. While extensive research has concentrated on optimizing molecule-electrode coupling (MEC) involving electrode materials and molecular anchoring groups, the role of the molecular backbone structure in modulating MEC is equally vital. Additionally, it is known that the incorporation of heteroatoms into the molecular backbone notably influences factors such as energy levels and conductive characteristics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Biol
January 2025
Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Successful resolution of approach-avoidance conflict (AAC) is fundamentally important for survival, and its dysregulation is a hallmark of many neuropsychiatric disorders, and yet the underlying neural circuit mechanisms are not well elucidated. Converging human and animal research has implicated the anterior/ventral hippocampus (vHPC) as a key node in arbitrating AAC in a region-specific manner. In this study, we sought to target the vHPC CA1 projection pathway to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) to delineate its contribution to AAC decision-making, particularly in the arbitration of learned reward and punishment signals, as well as innate signals.
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