Branchial anomalies are common cervical pathologic entities encountered in the field of otolaryngology and are typical in the pediatric and young adult populations. In most cases, these anomalies present as a cyst, sinus, or fistula in a rather stereotypical fashion. When a branchial anomaly deviates from the classic presentation, an improper diagnosis and inadequate management are more likely to occur, leading to an increased recurrence rate. We present a case of a 6-year-old girl with an incidental finding of a right posterior oropharyngeal wall mass, distinctly separate from the tonsillar fossa, which was found on pathologic analysis to be a branchial cleft anomaly. The theories regarding the pathogenesis of branchial anomalies are presented, along with other cases of atypical branchial anomalies.
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Article Synopsis
- First branchial cleft anomalies (FBCAs) are rare congenital disorders that can cause variable symptoms and complex anatomical issues, often misdiagnosed as other conditions like cholesteatoma.
- A 4-year-old girl presented with a painless mass in her left ear, leading to a thorough diagnostic process involving multiple imaging techniques that confirmed an FBCA.
- Surgical intervention to resect the fistula was successful, with no postoperative complications or recurrence, emphasizing the need for precise diagnosis and treatment in such cases.
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