Background: Medical image processing is essential in many fields of medical research and clinical practice because it greatly facilitates early and accurate detection and diagnosis of diseases. In particular, contrast enhancement is important for optimal image quality and visibility. This paper proposes a new image processing method for enhancing morphological features of masses and other abnormalities in medical images.
Method: The proposed method involves two steps: (1) selective extraction of target features by mathematical morphology and (2) enhancement of the extracted features by two contrast modification techniques.
Results: The goal of the proposed method is to enable enhancement of fine morphological features of a lesion region with high suppression of surrounding tissues. The effectiveness of the method was evaluated in quantitative terms of the contrast improvement ratio. The results clearly show that the method outperforms five conventional contrast enhancement methods. The effectiveness and usefulness of the proposed method were further demonstrated by application to three types of medical images: a mammographic image, a chest radiographic image, and a retinal image.
Conclusion: The proposed method enables specific extraction and enhancement of mass lesions, which is essential for clinical diagnosis based on medical image analysis. Thus, the method can be expected to achieve automatic recognition of lesion location and quantitative analysis of legion morphology.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2043-9113-1-33 | DOI Listing |
Int J Integr Care
December 2024
Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain.
Background: Higher life expectancy has produced a higher older people porpulation, not necessarily with a consistent quality of life, showing a high rate of vulnerability and dependence. The current social and health crisis situation has highlighted the need to create new integrated models of care that could be translated into social and health policies.
Objective: The present study aims to develop, test, and validate an innovative integrated care model for older people with dependence and at risk of social exclusion and their caregivers.
CHEST Crit Care
December 2024
Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care (G. L. A.), University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (S. M. S.), University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; the Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care (A. R., Z. F., and M. T. D. S.), Greys Hospital, KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health, the Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care (J. I.), Harry Gwala Regional Hospital, KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health, Pietermaritzburg, the Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care (R. D. W. and M. T. D. S.), School of Clinical Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; the Faculty Medicine and Pharmacy (R. D. W.), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; and the Department of Intensive Care (R. D. W.), John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Trust Hospitals, Oxford, England.
Background: A proposed new global definition of ARDS seeks to update the Berlin definition and account for nonintubated ARDS and ARDS diagnoses in resource-variable settings.
Research Question: How do ARDS epidemiologic characteristics change with operationalizing the new global definition of ARDS in a resource-limited setting?
Study Design And Methods: We performed a real-use retrospective cohort study among adult patients meeting criteria for the Berlin definition of ARDS or the global definition of ARDS at ICU admission in two public hospitals in the KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health, South Africa, from January 2017 through June 2022.
Results: Among 5,760 adults (aged ≥ 18 years) admitted to the ICU, 2,027 patients (35.
Photonix
December 2024
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, 77843 TX USA.
Unlabelled: Holography is an essential technique of generating three-dimensional images. Recently, quantum holography with undetected photons (QHUP) has emerged as a groundbreaking method capable of capturing complex amplitude images. Despite its potential, the practical application of QHUP has been limited by susceptibility to phase disturbances, low interference visibility, and limited spatial resolution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Cardiol Congenit Heart Dis
September 2024
The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
Background: Exercise capacity is reduced in patients with a Fontan circulation compared to their healthy peers secondary to altered haemodynamics of the Fontan circulation. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing is routinely used in Fontan patients to assess their cardiopulmonary response to exercise and help guide management decisions, however their results are routinely compared to normative data derived from healthy individuals.
Method: Using data available from the Pediatric Heart Network, we performed a retrospective study to derive Fontan-specific normative values in a subgroup of well-functioning adolescent patients.
Digit Health
December 2024
School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Objective: The study aims to present an active learning approach that automatically extracts clinical concepts from unstructured data and classifies them into explicit categories such as Problem, Treatment, and Test while preserving high precision and recall and demonstrating the approach through experiments using i2b2 public datasets.
Methods: Initially labeled data are acquired from a lexical-based approach in sufficient amounts to perform an active learning process. A contextual word embedding similarity approach is adopted using BERT base variant models such as ClinicalBERT, DistilBERT, and SCIBERT to automatically classify the unlabeled clinical concept into explicit categories.
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