Puumala hantavirus (PUUV) causes a mild form of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Europe. Seven genetic lineages of PUUV have thus far been recorded, which exhibit geographic structure within the distribution of its natural host, the bank vole (Myodes glareolus). This study presents evidence for two distinct PUUV lineages co-circulating in Latvia: one previously described from Russia and a novel one that appears to be endemic. The Latvian lineage (LAT) is considerably divergent and several amino acid markers make it easily distinguishable. Phylogenetic analysis suggested a possibility of different evolutionary histories for the PUUV genome segments of LAT.
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Phase 1 clinical trial of Hantaan and Puumala virus DNA vaccines delivered by needle-free injection.
NPJ Vaccines
November 2024
Clinical Trials Center, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA.
Hantaan virus (HTNV) and Puumala virus (PUUV) are pathogenic zoonoses found in Asia and Europe, respectively. We conducted a randomized Phase 1 clinical trial of individual HTNV and PUUV DNA vaccines targeting the envelope glycoproteins (GnGc), as well as a combined HTNV/PUUV DNA vaccine delivered at varying doses using the PharmaJet Stratis® needle-free injection system (NCT02776761). Cohort 1 and 2 vaccines consisted of 2 mg/vaccination of HTNV or PUUV plasmid, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCirculating mucosal-like IgA responses increase with severity of Puumala orthohantavirus-caused hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.
Front Immunol
November 2024
Viral Zoonosis Research Unit, Department of Virology, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Old World Orthohantaviruses cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) characterized by increased vascular permeability and acute kidney injury (AKI). Despite the systemic nature of the disease, the virus enters humans through inhalation and therefore initially encounters the immunoglobulin class A (IgA) dominated mucosal immune system. Herein, we characterized systemic IgA responses and their potential relationship to the mucosal immune activation by examining blood samples obtained from patients hospitalized due to acute Puumala orthohantavirus infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdentification and validation of cross-reactivity of anti-Thailand orthohantavirus nucleocapsid peptides.
Hum Immunol
November 2024
Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, India. Electronic address:
A Thailand orthohantavirus (THAIV) is endemic in Southeast Asia. This assumption is supported by isolation of THAIV from local small mammals. Also, anti-orthohantavirus antibodies were detected in human serum.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReplication kinetics of pathogenic Eurasian orthohantaviruses in human mesangial cells.
Virol J
October 2024
Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 162, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
Background: Eurasian pathogenic orthohantaviruses cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) characterized by acute kidney injury (AKI). The virulence of orthohantaviruses varies enormously and direct infection of different renal cell types contribute to pathogenesis. Glomerular mesangial cells play an essential role in the interplay between kidney cells and proper kidney function.
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