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Deviation of dopamine homeostasis is known to be associated with disorders like drug addiction and Parkinson's disease. As dopamine function is tightly regulated within the basal ganglia circuitry, cortical perturbation would lead to modulation of dopaminergic activity in the striatum. We proposed and tested if somatosensory activity such as forepaw stimulation could modulate dopaminergic function. Specifically, we tested in rats if electrical forepaw stimulation (EFS) could attenuate dopamine release in the brain if dopamine is excessive, and boost dopamine release if dopamine is deficient. We had previously demonstrated that EFS effectively attenuated excessive DA concentration in the striatum. We now show in this manuscript with fMRI that EFS boosted DA release on two DA deficient conditions: (1) with quinpirole challenge, and (2) partial Parkinsonism model (PD). Quinpirole alone decreased dopamine release and thus the cerebral blood volume (CBV) that was restored by EFS. EFS also succeeded in increasing CBV in the basal-ganglia circuitry of the PD rats, but not in the controls. Context-dependent connectivity analysis showed increased connectivity during the basal state in the PD rats, compared with the controls. This "enhanced" yet abnormal connectivity of PD rats was reduced post-EFS. Our results suggest that EFS resets the deficient DA system by partially increasing DA release, in the meanwhile lessening the need for recruiting extra functional network in the basal ganglia circuitry. This study shows not only the capacity of peripheral stimulation to perturb neurotransmitter function, but also the potential of peripheral stimulation to restore neurotransmitter homeostasis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/syn.21516 | DOI Listing |
Neurophotonics
January 2025
Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Neurology, St. Louis, Missouri, United States.
Significance: Stroke is the leading cause of chronic disability in the United States. How stroke size affects post-stroke repair and recovery is poorly understood.
Aim: We aim to investigate the effects of stroke size on early repair patterns and determine how early changes in neuronal circuits and networks predict functional outcomes after stroke.
Curr Biol
December 2024
Neural Systems & Behavior, Marine Biological Laboratory, 7 MBL Street, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA; University of Edinburgh, Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, 1 George Square, EH8 9JZ Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom. Electronic address:
Juvenile rodents and other altricial mammals react with calming, immobility, and postural modifications to parental pickup, a set of behaviors referred to as the transport response. Here, we investigate sensory mechanisms underlying the rat transport response. Grasping rat pups in anterior neck positions evokes strong immobility and folding up of feet, whereas more posterior grasping has lesser effects on immobility and foot position.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Stimul
December 2024
Imaging Science Program, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States. Electronic address:
Background: Motor mapping allows for determining the macroscopic organization of motor circuits and corresponding motor movement representations on the cortex. Techniques such as intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) are robust, but can be time consuming and invasive, making them non-ideal for cortex-wide mapping or longitudinal studies. In contrast, optogenetic motor mapping offers a rapid and minimally invasive technique, enabling mapping with high spatiotemporal resolution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCereb Cortex
October 2024
School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, No. 438, Hebei Street, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
J Physiol
November 2024
Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
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