Trypsin is the most frequently used proteolytic enzyme in mass spectrometry-based proteomics. Beside its good availability, it also offers some major advantages such as an optimal average peptide length of ~14 amino acids, and typically the presence of at least two defined positive charges at the N-terminus as well as the C-terminal Arg/Lys, rendering tryptic peptides well suited for CID-based LC-MS/MS. Here, we conducted a systematic study of different types of commercially available trypsin in order to qualitatively and quantitatively compare cleavage specificity, efficiency as well as reproducibility and the potential impact on quantitation and proteome coverage. We present a straightforward strategy applied to complex digests of human platelets, comprising (1) digest controls using a monolithic column HPLC-setup, (2) SCX enrichment of semitryptic/nonspecific peptides, (3) targeted MRM analysis of corresponding full cleavage/missed cleavage peptide pairs as well as (4) LC-MS analyses of complete digests with a three-step data interpretation. Thus, differences in digest performance can be readily assessed, rendering these procedures extremely beneficial to quality control not only the trypsin of choice, but also to effectively compare as well as optimize different digestion conditions and to evaluate the reproducibility of a dedicated digest protocol for all kinds of quantitative proteome studies.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jprot.2011.11.016 | DOI Listing |
Plant Physiol Biochem
January 2025
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir, Türkiye. Electronic address:
Salinization is a significant global issue causes irreversible damage to plants by reducing osmotic potential, inhibiting seed germination, and impeding water uptake. Seed germination, a crucial step towards the seedling stage is regulated by several hormones and genes, with the balance between abscisic acid and gibberellin being the key mechanism that either promotes or inhibits this process. Additionally, mucilage, a gelatinous substance, is known to provide protection against drought, herbivory, soil adhesion, and seed sinking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Med Chem
January 2025
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China. Electronic address:
Temozolomide, a widely used alkylating agent for glioblastoma treatment, faces significant challenges due to the development of resistance, which severely impacts patient survival. This underscores the urgent need for novel strategies to overcome this barrier. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK), an intracellular non-receptor tyrosine kinase, is highly expressed in glioblastoma cells and has been identified as a promising therapeutic target for anti-glioblastoma drug development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomed Phys Eng Express
January 2025
Dept. Mechanical Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, Chiba, 263-8522, JAPAN.
Albumin and γ-globulin concentrations in subcutaneous adipose tissues (SAT) have been quantified by multivariate regression based on admittance relaxation time distribution (mraRTD) under the fluctuated background of sodium electrolyte concentration. The mraRTD formulates P = Ac + Ξ (P: peak matrix of distribution function magnitude ɣP and frequency τP, c: concentration matrix of albumin cAlb, γ-globulin Gloc, and sodium electrolyte Nac, A: coefficient matrix of a multivariate regression model, and Ξ: error matrix). The mraRTD is implemented by two processes which are: 1) the training process of A through the maximum likelihood estimation of P and 2) the quantification process of cAlb, Gloc, and Nac through the model prediction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Intern Med
January 2025
Durham VA Health Care System, Durham; and Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina (K.M.G.).
Background: Tissue-based genomic classifiers (GCs) have been developed to improve prostate cancer (PCa) risk assessment and treatment recommendations.
Purpose: To summarize the impact of the Decipher, Oncotype DX Genomic Prostate Score (GPS), and Prolaris GCs on risk stratification and patient-clinician decisions on treatment choice among patients with localized PCa considering first-line treatment.
Data Sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science published from January 2010 to August 2024.
JMIR Form Res
January 2025
Smith School of Business, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
Background: Depression significantly impacts an individual's thoughts, emotions, behaviors, and moods; this prevalent mental health condition affects millions globally. Traditional approaches to detecting and treating depression rely on questionnaires and personal interviews, which can be time consuming and potentially inefficient. As social media has permanently shifted the pattern of our daily communications, social media postings can offer new perspectives in understanding mental illness in individuals because they provide an unbiased exploration of their language use and behavioral patterns.
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