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Antiretroviral Use for HIV Prevention During Pregnancy: The Need to Strengthen Regulatory and Surveillance Systems in Africa.
Drug Saf
January 2025
Forum for Collaborative Research, University of California, Berkeley, Washington, DC, USA.
HIV-prevention efforts focusing on women of child-bearing potential are needed to end the HIV epidemic in the African region. The use of antiretroviral drugs as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a critical HIV prevention tool. However, safety data on new antiretrovirals during pregnancy are often limited because pregnant people are excluded from drug development studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCholesterol metabolism regulator SREBP2 inhibits HBV replication via suppression of HBx nuclear translocation.
Front Immunol
January 2025
Department of Hepatology, Center for Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
The intricate link between cholesterol metabolism and host immune responses is well recognized, but the specific mechanisms by which cholesterol biosynthesis influences hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication remain unclear. In this study, we show that SREBP2, a key regulator of cholesterol metabolism, inhibits HBV replication by interacting directly with the HBx protein, thereby preventing its nuclear translocation. We also found that inhibiting the ER-to-Golgi transport of the SCAP-SREBP2 complex or blocking SREBP2 maturation significantly enhances HBV suppression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA biomarker framework for liver aging: the Aging Biomarker Consortium consensus statement.
Life Med
February 2024
Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China.
In human aging, liver aging per se not only increases susceptibility to liver diseases but also increases vulnerability of other organs given its central role in regulating metabolism. Total liver function tends to be well maintained in the healthy elderly, so liver aging is generally difficult to identify early. In response to this critical challenge, the Aging Biomarker Consortium of China has formulated an expert consensus on biomarkers of liver aging by synthesizing the latest scientific literature, comprising insights from both scientists and clinicians.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTIM-1 attenuates airway mucus hypersecretion and inflammation induced by cigarette smoke via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
Pharmazie
December 2024
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
Cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced airway mucus hypersecretion and inflammation are prominent features of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). As a factor associated with inflammation regulation, T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-1 (TIM-1) is found to be involved in various inflammatory disorders such as asthma and COPD. In this study, the GEO database provides two human COPD gene expression datasets (GSE67472, n = 62) along with the relevant controls (n = 43) for differentially expressed gene (DEG) analyses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAPOBEC-1 cofactors regulate APOBEC3-induced mutations in hepatitis B virus.
J Virol
January 2025
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Unlabelled: APOBEC3 proteins (A3s) play an important role in host innate immunity against viruses and DNA mutations in cancer. A3s-induced mutations in both viral and human DNA genomes vary significantly from non-lethal mutations in viruses to localized hypermutations, such as kataegis in cancer. How A3s are regulated remains largely unknown.
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