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Measurement and Analysis of Optical Transmission Characteristics of the Human Skull.

J Biophotonics

January 2025

Department of Emergency, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.

The brain, as a vital part of central nervous system, receives approximately 25% of body's blood supply, making accurate monitoring of cerebral blood flow essential. While fNIRS is widely used for measuring brain physiology, complex tissue structure affects light intensity, spot size, and detection accuracy. Many studies rely on simulations with limited experimental validation.

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Ultra-high-resolution brain MRI at 0.55T: bSTAR and its application to magnetization transfer ratio imaging.

Z Med Phys

January 2025

Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, Switzerland; Department of Radiology, Division of Radiological Physics, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of structural sub-millimeter isotropic brain MRI at 0.55 T using a 3D half-radial dual-echo balanced steady-state free precession sequence, termed bSTAR and to assess its potential for high-resolution magnetization transfer imaging.

Methods: Phantom and in-vivo imaging of three healthy volunteers was performed on a low-field 0.

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Spatially constrained hyperpolarized 13C MRI pharmacokinetic rate constant map estimation using a digital brain phantom and a U-Net.

J Magn Reson

January 2025

UC Berkeley - UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, 1700 4th St, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, 1700 4th St, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.

Fitting rate constants to Hyperpolarized [1-C]Pyruvate (HP C13) MRI data is a promising approach for quantifying metabolism in vivo. Current methods typically fit each voxel of the dataset using a least-squares objective. With these methods, each voxel is considered independently, and the spatial relationships are not considered during fitting.

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Purpose: To provide a fast quantitative imaging approach for a 0.55T scanner, where signal-to-noise ratio is limited by the field strength and k-space sampling speed is limited by a lower specification gradient system.

Methods: We adapted the three-dimensional spiral projection imaging MR fingerprinting approach to 0.

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Optical fibers are between the most common implantable devices for delivering light in the nervous system for optogenetics and infrared neural stimulation applications. Tapered optical fibers, in particular, can offer homogeneous light delivery to a large volume and spatially resolved illumination compared to standard flat-cleaved fibers while being minimally invasive. However, the use of tapers for neural applications has up to now been limited to silica optical fibers, whose large Young's modulus can cause detrimental foreign body response in chronic settings.

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