Coalpha-[alpha-(Aden-9-yl)]-Cobeta-adenosylcobamide (pseudocoenzyme B12) purified from Clostridium tetanomorphum has been reacted with ribonucleotide reductase purified from Lactobacillus leichmannii under various conditions, and the properties of the products obtained have been compared by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) with those previously reported for products formed from the normal coenzyme (adenosylcobalamin). The rapidly formed intermediate and the slowly formed "doublet" species from the pseudocoenzyme have EPR spectra identical with those formed from the normal coenzyme. This and other considerations make it less likely that the unusual magnetic properties of the rapidly formed intermediate are due to strongly distorted octahedral symmetry about Co(II) as previously postulated. Instead it is probable that the EPR spectrum is due to interaction of the radical pair by both exchange coupling and magnetic dipole--dipole coupling. Although Coalpha-[alpha-(aden-9-YL)]cob(II)amide in solution does not show superhyperfine splitting in the EPR spectrum because of its base-off configuration, the cob(II)amide formed by degradation of the pseudocoenzyme within the catalytic site of the enzyme did show triplets due to a nitrogen axially coordinated to cobalt. This suggests that binding of the cob(II)amide to the reductase catalytic site causes a shift to the base-on form.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00578a031 | DOI Listing |
Chem Sci
January 2025
Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow G1 1XL UK
Ribonucleosides are essential building blocks used extensively in antiviral and oligonucleotide therapeutics. A major challenge in the further development of nucleoside analogues for therapeutic applications is access to scalable and environmentally sustainable synthetic strategies. This study uses the type II nucleoside 2'-deoxyribosyltransferase from (NDT-2) to prepare a suite of ribonucleoside analogues using naturally-occurring uridine and cytidine sugar donors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Sci
August 2024
Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral Street Glasgow UK G1 1XL
Nucleosides are pervasive building blocks that are found throughout nature and used extensively in medicinal chemistry and biotechnology. However, the preparation of base-modified analogues using conventional synthetic methodology poses challenges in scale-up and purification. In this work, an integrated approach involving structural analysis, screening and reaction optimization, is established to prepare 2'-deoxyribonucleoside analogues catalysed by the type II nucleoside 2'-deoxyribosyltransferase from (NDT-2).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrobiology (Reading)
September 2022
Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Physiology, Department of Marine Science and Resources, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880 Japan.
In comparison with terrestrial mammals, dolphins require a large amount of haemoglobin in blood and myoglobin in muscle to prolong their diving time underwater and increase the depth they can dive. The genus is a common gastrointestinal bacterium in dolphins and includes two species: and . Whilst the former produces vitamin B, which is essential for the biosynthesis of haem, a component of haemoglobin and myoglobin, but not produced by mammals, the production ability of the latter remains unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Microbiol Biotechnol
August 2022
Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea.
Nucleoside deoxyribosyltransferase (NDT) is an enzyme that replaces the purine or pyrimidine base of 2'-deoxyribonucleoside. This enzyme is generally used in the nucleotide salvage pathway in vivo and synthesizes many nucleoside analogs in vitro for various biotechnological purposes. Since NDT is known to exhibit relatively low reactivity toward nucleoside analogs such as 2'-fluoro-2'-deoxynucleoside, it is necessary to develop an enhanced NDT mutant enzyme suitable for nucleoside analogs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
September 2021
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.
Radicals in biology, once thought to all be bad actors, are now known to play a central role in many enzymatic reactions. Of the known radical-based enzymes, ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) are pre-eminent as they are essential in the biology of all organisms by providing the building blocks and controlling the fidelity of DNA replication and repair. Intense examination of RNRs has led to the development of new tools and a guiding framework for the study of radicals in biology, pointing the way to future frontiers in radical enzymology.
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