Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the histomorphological changes of the infraorbital nerve of rats treated with ampicillin.
Materials And Methods: The infraorbital nerve was approached through the infraorbital foramen, and 0.01 ml of ampicillin dissolved in distilled water was injected taking care not to damage the nerve. Saline solution was used in control animals. Nerves were dissected and after routine histology processing analysed by light microscopy.
Results: Cross-section of the nerve treated with ampicillin showed damaged axons with disintegration of heavily myelinated fibres, while thinly myelinated fibres remain unaffected. In the saline group, no damage was observed. The signs of regeneration of the damaged infraorbital nerves were detected on the fourth post-operative week.
Conclusion: Ampicillin can cause peripheral nerve damage when injected perineurally.
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