Edema disease (ED) in piglets is caused by Shiga toxin Stx2e-producing Escherichia coli. We show that a genetically disarmed Stx2e toxoid is a safe antigen that generates antiserum protecting piglets against the Stx2e toxin. Immunization of suckling piglets with the Stx2e toxoid was safe, had no adverse effects on growth of the piglets, and resulted in effective prevention of edema disease clinical symptoms after challenge with the Stx2e toxin. Our data showed that maternal immunity against the Stx2e toxoid can be transmitted from the vaccinated sows to the piglets via the colostrum. Very high levels of Stx2e-specific serum antibodies persisted in these piglets until 1 month postweaning, bridging the critical period in which the weaned piglets are most susceptible to edema infection. Challenge with Stx2e toxin resulted in clinical signs of edema disease and death of all control piglets from nonimmunized sows, whereas none of the piglets from immunized sows developed clinical signs of ED.
Motor symptom laterality is an important clinical feature of PD that not only manifests as lateral limb dysfunction but also affects the nonmotor symptoms and the prognosis in PD patients. Previous studies suggested that the compensatory mechanisms in the dominant hemisphere of the brain may be an underlying explanation. The corpus callosum (CC) is the largest fiber connecting the two hemispheres of the brain.
Background And Objectives: Friedreich's Ataxia (FRDA) is a genetic disease that affects a variety of different tissues. The disease is caused by a mutation in the gene ( which is important for the synthesis of iron-sulfur clusters. The primary pathologies of FRDA are loss of motor control and cardiomyopathy.
(Family: Fabaceae) is traditionally used in Ayurvedic medicine for various medicinal purposes, including as a treatment for wounds, leprosy, skin diseases, fever, diabetes, etc. Although the root and stem of this plant have a significant medicinal value, there was little research on the leaves of this plant. This study aimed to investigate the qualitative phytochemical profile and evaluate the in vitro cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiarthritic activities, as well as the in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities, of leaf extract.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by damage to organs and cells, initially mediated by tissue-binding autoantibodies and immune complexes. Lymphomas have been frequently reported, but the association of SLE with acute leukemia is rare and likely coincidental. We report a case of a 40-year-old female admitted for an etiological diagnosis of fever and dyspnea with peripheral edema.
Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic illness. Blood testing for tissue transglutaminase antibodies is the initial screening test for the diagnosis of CD, and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and duodenal/jejunal biopsy are used to confirm CD. Intussusception (IS) is the process in which a proximal segment of the bowel invaginates through the lumen of a distal segment.
