Pregnancy and the liver.

In pregnancy the liver can be affected by diseases specific to pregnancy as well as unrelated conditions. The possible effect of the disease and its management on both the fetus and mother must be considered. Several physiological changes occur during pregnancy as liver metabolism is altered. Serum protein concentrations fall, with a decrease in serum albumin in part the result of the dilutional effect of an increase in plasma volume. Alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase levels decrease (Table 1), complicating the diagnosis of disorders involving subtle changes in liver function. Alkaline phosphatase is also produced by the placenta, making this an unreliable marker of liver dysfunction in pregnancy.