In severe, acute or chronic heart failure, the heart and the circulation can be mechanically supported, if the patient's life is in danger despite maximal drug therapy, and other cardiologic or heart surgery treatment options or a suitable heart transplant are not available. Long-term prognosis of those treated with mechanical support has improved in the 2000's. This is based on technically advanced equipment, improved treatment practices, properly targeted patient selection and more accurate timing of therapy.

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