Exogenous ochronosis consists of chronic hyperpigmentation of areas previously treated with topical agents such as hydroquinone, resorcinol, antimalarials and phenol. Early diagnosis allows to promptly suspend the causative agent and it is imperative since the available therapeutic options are scarce and have presented so far unsatisfactory results. Three cases of exogenous ochronosis on the face which were diagnosed with the use of dermoscopy are presented. Dermatoscopy showed blackish-gray amorphous structures, some obliterating the follicular openings. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0365-05962011000700007 | DOI Listing |
J Clin Med
December 2024
20skin Four Seasons Clinic, Taichung 408, Taiwan.
Melasma is a challenging, acquired hyperpigmentary disorder. The gold standard treatment is Kligman's formulation, which contains hydroquinone, tretinoin, and dexamethasone, but its long-term use is limited by the risk of exogenous ochronosis. Cysteamine, a tyrosinase inhibitor, reduces melanocyte activity and melanin production, showing strong depigmenting effects in patients resistant to Kligman's formulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Dermatol
December 2024
Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan.
Alkaptonuria (AKU) is an extremely rare autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by deficiency of homogentisic acid oxidase and resulting in accumulation of homogentisic acid in collagenous structures. It is characterized by a triad of homogentisic aciduria, bluish-black discoloration of connective tissues (ochronosis) and arthropathy of large weight bearing joints. We report on a middle-aged female patient with bilateral severe ochronotic arthritis of both hips and shoulder joints requiring total joint replacements as staged procedures which were done without complications offering a complete pain relief and a satisfactory clinical and functional outcome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Surg Case Rep
October 2024
Cardiac Innovation Center, Apollonion Hospital, Lefkotheou 20, Nicosia, Nicosia 2054, Cyprus.
Skin Res Technol
October 2024
Department of Dermatology, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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