Intentional partial coiling dome protection of complex ruptured cerebral aneurysms prevents acute rebleeding and produces favorable clinical outcomes.

Background: The coiling of ruptured cerebral aneurysms protects against acute rebleeding; however, whether partially coiling a ruptured cerebral aneurysm protects against acute rebleeding has never been demonstrated.

Objective: This study was performed to test our hypothesis that intentional partial coiling of complex ruptured cerebral aneurysms, which are unfavorable for clipping and cannot be completely coiled primarily, prevents acute rebleeding to allow for clinical and neurological recovery until definitive treatment and produces favorable clinical outcomes.

Methods: Data were collected from the prospective databases of three centers. Only subarachnoid hemorrhage patients that were treated with a strategy of intentional partial coiling for dome protection were included. This did not include patients in whom the goal was complete coiling but only subtotal coil occlusion was achieved.

Results: Fifteen patients [aged 51 ± 13 years; HH 3-5 (n = 7); Fisher 3-4 (n = 9)] were treated with intentional partial dome protection. Aneurysm size was 12.8 ± 5.4 mm; neck size 4.9 ± 3 mm; 12 anterior circulation. Four intentional partial coilings were performed with balloon assistance. Definitive treatment was performed 92 ± 90 days later, with no case of rebleeding. Definitive treatment was clipping (n = 8), stent-coiling (n = 5), Onyx (n = 1), further coiling (n = 1). Clinical outcome was favorable in 13 cases (GOS 4-5), fair in one (GOS 3), and death in one (GOS 1).

Conclusions: Judicious use of a treatment strategy of intentional partial dome protection for complex aneurysms that are not favorable for clipping and in which complete coiling primarily is not possible may prevent acute rebleeding and produce favorable clinical outcomes.