Jugular blood flow in calves after head-only electrical stunning and throat-cutting.

Jugular flow was measured after head-only electrical stunning and gash cutting in 12 calves less than a week old. Jugular flow was assumed to provide a crude measure of cerebral perfusion during exsanguination. In 10 animals the average amount of jugular blood collected within 1-2 min of throat-cutting was the equivalent of a total cerebral blood flow of 3·6 ml/min/100 g ± 1·4 SD or 4·8% of normal. In two animals the jugular flow was increased to 39% and 22% of normal cerebral flow. All animals had strong retrograde flow from the head ends of the cut carotid arteries. The dynamics of cerebral blood perfusion are discussed with reference to systemic arterial blood pressure and spontaneous cortical electrical activity, and some potentially fruitful areas of research on the humaneness of halal slaughter of cattle are proposed.