AI Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how interferon-beta (IFNβ) treatment affects immune responses to the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).
- Results show that effective IFNβ therapy leads to a reduction in T-cell responses specifically to the EBV nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA1), while responses to other EBV and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) antigens remain unchanged.
- This suggests that IFNβ may modulate immune responses in MS patients, particularly by downregulating responses to specific latent viral antigens, potentially impacting disease outcomes.
Article Abstract
Background: Symptomatic primary infection with the human γ-herpesvirus Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and elevated immune responses to EBV are associated with the development and progression of multiple sclerosis (MS). Interferon-beta (IFNβ), first-line treatment for relapse-onset MS, exhibits complex immunoregulatory and antiviral activities.
Objective: To determine EBV-specific immune responses in patients with MS during IFNβ therapy.
Methods: We evaluated cellular and humoral immune responses to EBV- and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-encoded antigens in patients with MS before and 1 year after IFNβ treatment by ELISA and flow cytometry. Twenty-eight patients with MS who showed a clinical response to IFNβ as defined by the absence of relapses and lack of progression on the Expanded Disability Status Scale score during the first 2 years of treatment were included.
Results: Clinically effective IFNβ-therapy was associated with a downregulation of proliferative T cell responses to the latent EBV nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA1). EBNA1-specific IgG responses as well as cellular and humoral immune responses to MHC class I restricted EBV antigens expressed during lytic replication and viral B cell transformation were similar before and after IFNβ therapy. Although HCMV-specific IgG levels slightly decreased, proliferative T-cell responses towards HCMV antigens remained unchanged during IFNβ therapy.
Conclusion: Clinically effective IFNβ therapy is associated with a reduction of proliferative T-cell responses to EBNA1.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458511426816 | DOI Listing |
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