Obesity and insulin resistance have been associated with breast cancer risk, and breast cancer outcomes. Recent research has focused on insulin as a potential biologic mediator of these effects given frequent expression of insulin/IGF-1 receptors on breast cancer cells which, when activated, can stimulate signaling through PI3K and Ras-Raf signaling pathways to enhance proliferation. Metformin, a commonly used diabetes drug, lowers insulin in non-breast diabetic cancer patients, likely by reducing hepatic gluconeogenesis; it also appears to have potential insulin independent direct effects on tumor cells which are mediated by activation of AMPK with downstream inhibition of mTOR. There is growing epidemiologic, clinical and preclinical (in vitro and in vivo) evidence in keeping with anticancer effects of metformin in breast and other cancers. This has led to the hypothesis that metformin may be effective in breast cancer prevention and treatment. Clinical studies in the neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings are ongoing; additional Phase 2 trials in the metastatic setting and proof of principle studies in the prevention setting are planned.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0960-9776(11)70291-0 | DOI Listing |
J Am Coll Radiol
December 2024
Vice Chair for Radiology, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Co-Chair, RSNA Health Equity Committee; Associate Editor, Journal of the American College of Radiology.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess how pandemic-related health concerns and discrimination affected cancer screenings among Asian American women (AAW).
Methods: A two-phase explanatory mixed-methods study was conducted. In phase 1, a survey was distributed among AAW eligible for lung, breast, or colorectal cancer screening to assess delays during the pandemic, concerns about contracting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), barriers to care, and experiences of discrimination.
Psychiatry Clin Psychopharmacol
December 2024
Department of Operating Room, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China.
Background: Patients with unilateral breast loss after single mastectomy for breast cancer may have body image disorders such as surgical lymphedema, flap ischemia, and spinal deformity, resulting in negative emotions such as depression, inferiority, and social dysfunction. This study mainly investigated and analyzed the status quo and influencing factors of body image disorder in breast cancer patients after single mastectomy.
Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study.
Sensors (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
Breast cancer is a significant cause of death from cancer in women globally, highlighting the need for improved diagnostic imaging to enhance patient outcomes. Accurate tumor identification is essential for diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring, emphasizing the importance of advanced imaging technologies that provide detailed views of tumor characteristics and disease. Recently, a new imaging modality named synthetic correlated diffusion imaging (CDI) has been showing promise for enhanced prostate cancer delineation when compared to existing MRI imaging modalities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
December 2024
Research Department of Imaging Physics and Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK.
MR elastography is a non-invasive imaging technique that provides quantitative maps of tissue biomechanical properties, i.e., elasticity and viscosity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmaceutics
December 2024
Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Patos de Minas 38700-002, MG, Brazil.
: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most challenging molecular subtype of breast cancer (BC) in clinical practice, associated with a worse prognosis due to limited treatment strategies and its insensitivity to conventional drugs. Zinc is an important trace element for homeostasis, and its Schiff base metal complexes have shown promise in treating advanced tumors. In this study, four new heteroleptic Zn(II) complexes (-) with Schiff bases were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for their activity in BC cells.
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