Objective: Data from epidemiological studies related to the association of cholecystectomy and pancreatic cancer (PaC) risk are inconsistent. We conducted a meta-analysis of observational studies to explore this relationship.

Methods: We identified studies by a literature search of Medline (from 1 January 1966) and EMBASE (from 1 January 1974), through 30 June 2011, and by searching the reference lists of pertinent articles. Summary relative risks with their 95% confidence intervals were calculated with a random-effects model. Between-study heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q statistic and the I (2).

Results: A total of 18 studies (10 case-control studies, eight cohort studies) were included in this meta-analysis. Analysis of these 18 studies found that cholecystectomy was associated with a 23% excess risk of PaC (SRR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.12-1.35), with moderate heterogeneity among these studies (p (heterogeneity) = 0.006, I (2) = 51.0%). Sub-grouped analyses revealed that the increased risk of PaC was independent of geographic location, gender, study design and confounders. There was no publication bias in the current meta-analysis.

Conclusions: The results of this meta-analysis suggest that individuals with a history of cholecystectomy may have an increased risk of pancreatic cancer.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10552-011-9856-yDOI Listing

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