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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to explore the link between tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) and drugs used for treating malignant melanoma (MM) through reports from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System between 2004 and 2023.
  • Findings revealed that the combination of encorafenib and binimetinib had the highest incidence of TLS, with a median latency of just 2 days, compared to other drugs that showed longer latencies.
  • The majority of TLS cases were reported in females aged 25-65, and the results indicate a need for further research to understand the mechanisms and factors that contribute to TLS with encorafenib and binimetinib to ensure safe prescribing.
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[From a mutation to a drug].

Postepy Biochem

September 2023

Wydział Biologii, Uniwersytet Warszawski.

Malignant melanoma is a dangerous skin cancer, accounting for the majority of skin cancer-related deaths. Many patients with this cancer have the V600E mutation in the BRAF gene. This mutation causes constitutive activation of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway, significantly contributing to the process of carcinogenesis.

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Three-Year Overall Survival with Tebentafusp in Metastatic Uveal Melanoma.

N Engl J Med

December 2023

From the University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg (J.C.H.), the Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich (M.S.), and the Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology (M.S.) and the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology and the Comprehensive Cancer Center (S.O.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology and the Comprehensive Cancer Center, Berlin Institute of Health (S.O.), Berlin - all in Germany; Institut Curie, Paris (S.P.-N.), and Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice (L.G.) - both in France; Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (P.R.); Institut Roi Albert II Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels (J.-F.B.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, and the Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto (M.O.B.); Massachusetts General Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute - both in Boston (R.J.S.); University of Zürich Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland (R.D.); University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (J.M.K.), Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Jefferson University, Philadelphia (M.O.), and Immunocore, Conshohocken (C.P.) - all in Pennsylvania; the Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Wirral (J.J.S.), University of Liverpool, Liverpool (J.J.S.), Immunocore, Abingdon-on-Thames (L.C.), and Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Northwood and UCLH, London (P.N.) - all in the United Kingdom; Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Saint Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia (A.M.J.); Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, OR (B. Curti); Institut Català d'Oncologia and the Cancer Immunotherapy Group, OncoBell, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, Barcelona, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Madrid - all in Spain (J.M.P.); Duke University, Durham, NC (A.K.S.S.); Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (A.N.S.), and Northwell Health Cancer Institute, New Hyde Park (R.D.C.) - all in New York; N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow (L.D.); University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City (M.M.); Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California (B. Chmielowski), and the Angeles Clinic and Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Affiliate (O.H.), Los Angeles, and California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco (K.B.K.); and Immunocore, Rockville, MD (K.R., C.H.).

Background: Tebentafusp, a T-cell receptor-bispecific molecule that targets glycoprotein 100 and CD3, is approved for adult patients who are positive for HLA-A*02:01 and have unresectable or metastatic uveal melanoma. The primary analysis in the present phase 3 trial supported a long-term survival benefit associated with the drug.

Methods: We report the 3-year efficacy and safety results from our open-label, phase 3 trial in which HLA-A*02:01-positive patients with previously untreated metastatic uveal melanoma were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive tebentafusp (tebentafusp group) or the investigator's choice of therapy with pembrolizumab, ipilimumab, or dacarbazine (control group), with randomization stratified according to the lactate dehydrogenase level.

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Objectives: Immunotherapy drugs like Pembrolizumab have shown significant improvements in treatment outcomes of advanced melanoma. This study aimed to evaluate the cost-utility of Pembrolizumab compared to other immunotherapy and chemotherapy drugs in the first-line treatment of advanced melanoma in Iran.

Methods: A partitioned-survival model, based on data from a recent randomized phase 3 study (KEYNOTE-006) and recent meta-analysis, was used to divide Overall survival (OS) time into Progression-free survival (PFS) and post-progression survival for Pembrolizumab, Nivolumab, Ipilimumab, Dacarbazine, Temozolomide, Carboplatin, and Paclitaxel combination.

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