Degradation in a high efficiency polymer solar cell is caused by the formation of states in the bandgap. These states increase the energetic disorder in the system. The power conversion efficiency loss does not occur when current is run through the device in the dark but occurs when the active layer is photo-excited.
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From setbacks to success: lessons from the journey of RSV vaccine development.
Ther Adv Vaccines Immunother
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Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes high worldwide infant mortality, as well as a high disease burden in the elderly. Efforts in vaccine development over the past 60 years have recently delivered three approved vaccines and two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Looking back at the eventful history of RSV vaccine development, several factors can be identified that have hampered the developmental pathway, including the occurrence of enhanced RSV disease (ERD) in the first vaccine attempt and the difficulty in characterizing and stabilizing the pre-fusion F protein as a vaccine target.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdvancing therapeutic frontiers: a pipeline of novel drugs for luminal and perianal Crohn's disease management.
Therap Adv Gastroenterol
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Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani, 2, Padua 35128, Italy.
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View Article and Find Full Text PDFDesigning structured postgraduate training programs using agile methods.
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November 2024
University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, University Children's Research, Hamburg, Germany.
Postgraduate medical education (PGME) is an essential part of medical education and increasingly shifts into focus of educational stakeholders. Structured postgraduate medical training programs are required in the U.S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEstablishing an online training program for pediatric surgery residents during and after the COVID-19 pandemic - lessons learned.
GMS J Med Educ
November 2024
University Hospital Würzburg, Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, Würzburg, Germany.
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There is no "too small" for frequent workplace-based assessment: Differences between large and small residency programs in anesthesia when using a mobile application to assess EPAs.
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