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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1114108108 | DOI Listing |
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Complementary cognitive roles for D2-MSNs and D1-MSNs during interval timing.
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Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States.
The role of striatal pathways in cognitive processing is unclear. We studied dorsomedial striatal cognitive processing during interval timing, an elementary cognitive task that requires mice to estimate intervals of several seconds and involves working memory for temporal rules as well as attention to the passage of time. We harnessed optogenetic tagging to record from striatal D2-dopamine receptor-expressing medium spiny neurons (D2-MSNs) in the indirect pathway and from D1-dopamine receptor-expressing MSNs (D1-MSNs) in the direct pathway.
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Functional Omics and Bioprocess Development Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.
Eutrophication and hypereutrophication in lakes foster harmful blue-green algal blooms, which pose a significant threat to the ecological health of freshwater reservoirs. This study investigated the effectiveness of the bio-flocculation approach using the fungus strain BGF4A1 to remove these harmful blooms, specifically targeting cyanobacterial species like PCC-7914. Key flocculation parameters, cyanobacterial concentrations, adsorption kinetics, and pellet morphology were explored in this research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIsolation and Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria From "" Having the Ability to Produce α-Glucosidase Inhibitors.
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Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru, Riau 28293, Indonesia.
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors are one of the therapies used for treating type 2 diabetes by inhibiting the absorption of carbohydrates in the gastrointestinal tract. In addition to antimicrobial activity, some probiotic species show -glucosidase inhibitor activity, making them potential alternative therapies for type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to characterize probiotics from "," a traditional food from North Sumatra, Indonesia, that exhibit -glucosidase inhibition, potentially useful for type 2 diabetes treatment.
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Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia.
Background: Dental root canal failure is a disease caused by gram-positive bacteria, Enterococcus faecalis. The disease is caused by the bacterial cell wall consisting of a peptidoglycan layer that protects the bacteria from internal osmotic pressure. Peptidoglycan biosynthesis includes many enzymes, such as MurA, Penicillin-binding protein (PBP), and SrtA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCompartmental Models Driven by Renewal Processes: Survival Analysis and Applications to SVIS Epidemic Models.
Sci Rep
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Department of Biostatistics, Data Science and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Augusta University, 1120, 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
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