The kinetics of one-step solid-state reaction of Li(4)Ti(5)O(12)/C in a dynamic nitrogen atmosphere was first studied by means of thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis technique at five different heating rates. According to the double equal-double steps method, the Li(4)Ti(5)O(12)/C solid-state reaction mechanism could be properly described as the Jander equation, which was a three-dimensional diffusion with spherical symmetry, and the reaction mechanism functions were listed as follows: f(α) = (3)/(2)(1 - α)(2/3)[1 - (1 - α)(1/3)](-1), G(α) = [1 - (1 - α)(1/3)](2). In FWO method, average activation energy, frequency factor, and reaction order were 284.40 kJ mol(-1), 2.51 × 10(18) min(-1), and 1.01, respectively. However, the corresponding values in FRL method were 271.70 kJ mol(-1), 1.00 × 10(17) min(-1), and 0.96, respectively. Moreover, the values of enthalpy of activation, Gibbs free energy of activation, and entropy of activation at the peak temperature were 272.06 kJ mol(-1), 240.16 kJ mol(-1), and 44.24 J mol(-1) K(-1), respectively.
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Dalton Trans
January 2025
Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
The aza-Wittig reaction was successfully applied to the synthesis of carboranyl-imines, which are difficult to obtain by classical methods. A variety of functionalized carboranyl Schiff bases was obtained proving the great scope of the methodology. All compounds were fully characterized, including the solid-state structures of six of them.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanoscale
January 2025
State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
Lithium metal is considered one of the most promising anode materials for lithium batteries due to its high theoretical specific capacity (3860 mA h g) and low redox potential (-3.04 V). However, uncontrolled lithium dendrite growth and severe interfacial side reactions during cycling result in poor performance and safety risks, significantly limiting its practical applications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCommun Chem
January 2025
Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue, Shimane, Japan.
All-solid-state (ASS) batteries are a promising solution to achieve carbon neutrality. ASS lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries stand out due to their improved safety, achieved by replacing organic solvents, which are prone to leakage and fire, with solid electrolytes. In addition, these batteries offer the benefits of higher capacity and the absence of rare metals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Commun (Camb)
January 2025
Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 250 68 Husinec-Řež, Czech Republic.
Co-pyrolysis reactions of BBr with SBr at 350 °C yielded the brominated thiaboranes -SBBr (1), -1-SBBr (2) and -SBBr (3), confirmed by high-resolution mass spectrometry, experimental and computational B NMR spectroscopy. The strong Br(σ-hole)⋯Br(ring) attraction has been the decisive energy contribution in the crystal of 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRSC Adv
January 2025
Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology (BUET) Dhaka Bangladesh
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