New fluorinated copolymers of poly(methyl methacrylate)-b-poly(butyl methacrylate) or poly(n-octadecyl methacrylate) end-capped with 2-perfluorooctylethyl methacrylate (PMMA(x)-b-PBMA(y)-ec-PFMA(z) or PMMA(x)-b-PODMA(y)-ec-PFMA(z)) were synthesized by living atom transfer radical polymerization. Thin films made of PMMA(230)-b-PODMA(y)-ec-PFMA(1) were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. These films were found to exhibit robust surface segregation of the end groups. Furthermore, the fluorine enrichment factor at the film surface was found to increase linearly with increasing degree of polymerization of poly(n-octadecyl methacrylate) and its increasing fusion enthalpy in the second block, which enhances the segregation of the fluorinated moieties.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2011.09.021 | DOI Listing |
Nat Commun
December 2024
Faculty of Infectious & Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Plasmodium malariae parasites are widely observed across the tropics and sub-tropics. This slow-growing species, known to maintain chronic asymptomatic infections, has been associated with reduced antimalarial susceptibility. We analyse 251 P.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Breed
January 2025
Department of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Minamiminowa, Nagano, 399-4598 Japan.
Unlabelled: The phenotypes of chili pepper () fruit are sometimes characterized by having either smooth or wrinkled surfaces, both of which are commercially important. However, as the inheritance patterns and responsible loci have not yet been identified, it is difficult to control fruit surface traits in conventional chili pepper breeding. To obtain new insights into these aspects, we attempted to clarify the genetic regulation mechanisms responsible for the wrinkled surface of fruit from the Japanese chili pepper 'Shishito' (.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Energy Mater
December 2024
School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantocks Close, BS8 1TS Bristol, U.K.
Rationalizing the role of chemical interactions in the precursor solutions on the structure, morphology, and performance of thin-film CuZnSn(S,Se) (CZTSSe) is key for the development of bifacial and other photovoltaic (PV) device architectures designed by scalable solution-based methods. In this study, we uncover the impact of dimethylformamide (DMF) and isopropanol (IPA) solvent mixtures on cation complexation and rheology of the precursor solution, as well as the corresponding morphology, composition, and PV performance of CZTSSe thin-film grown on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO). We find that increasing the proportion of IPA leads to a nonlinear increase in dynamic viscosity due to the strong repulsion between DMF and IPA, which is characterized by an interaction cohesion parameter of 3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Cell Biol
March 2025
Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod , Paris, France.
At the end of cell division, the nuclear envelope reassembles around the decondensing chromosomes. Female meiosis culminates in two consecutive cell divisions of the oocyte, meiosis I and II, which are separated by a brief transition phase known as interkinesis. Due to the absence of chromosome decondensation and the suppression of genome replication during interkinesis, it has been widely assumed that the nuclear envelope does not reassemble between meiosis I and II.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Catal
December 2024
Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K.
Synthetic photobiocatalysts are promising catalysts for valuable chemical transformations by harnessing solar energy inspired by natural photosynthesis. However, the synergistic integration of all of the components for efficient light harvesting, cascade electron transfer, and efficient biocatalytic reactions presents a formidable challenge. In particular, replicating intricate multiscale hierarchical assembly and functional segregation involved in natural photosystems, such as photosystems I and II, remains particularly demanding within artificial structures.
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