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Since 1996, 16 states and the District of Columbia in the United States have enacted legislation to decriminalize marijuana for medical use. Although marijuana is the most commonly detected nonalcohol drug in drivers, its role in crash causation remains unsettled. To assess the association between marijuana use and crash risk, the authors performed a meta-analysis of 9 epidemiologic studies published in English in the past 2 decades identified through a systematic search of bibliographic databases. Estimated odds ratios relating marijuana use to crash risk reported in these studies ranged from 0.85 to 7.16. Pooled analysis based on the random-effects model yielded a summary odds ratio of 2.66 (95% confidence interval: 2.07, 3.41). Analysis of individual studies indicated that the heightened risk of crash involvement associated with marijuana use persisted after adjustment for confounding variables and that the risk of crash involvement increased in a dose-response fashion with the concentration of 11-nor-9-carboxy-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol detected in the urine and the frequency of self-reported marijuana use. The results of this meta-analysis suggest that marijuana use by drivers is associated with a significantly increased risk of being involved in motor vehicle crashes.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxr017 | DOI Listing |
Pharmacol Biochem Behav
March 2025
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Medyków 18, 40-752 Katowice, Katowice, Poland. Electronic address:
Due to low efficacy and delayed therapeutic effect of drugs currently used in the therapy of depression in adolescent population, a lot of effort has been put into finding new substances using alternative target points that could support treatment with traditional antidepressive drugs. Cannabidiol, compound derived from Cannabis sativa may have therapeutic potential in depressive disorders. This study aimed to investigate whether combined administration of escitalopram with cannabidiol in ineffective doses, will provide better or similar effects in behavioral tests compared to escitalopram in an effective dose in adolescent maternally separated rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Emerg Med
March 2025
University of Arkansas, Department of Public Health, Fayetteville, AR. 72701, United States of America.
Importance: The legalization of cannabis for both recreational and medicinal purposes in numerous states across the United States has resulted in increased accessibility and usage rates. With Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) potency in cannabis products on the rise, concerns regarding associated health implications, including syncope, have emerged.
Objective: This study aims to explore the prevalence and characteristics of cannabis-associated syncope among adolescents and young adults presenting to emergency departments (EDs).
Braz J Psychiatry
March 2025
Núcleo de Epidemiologia Psiquiatrica - LIM 23, Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Cannabis is the most widely used substance in Brazil. This study examined subtypes of individuals who use cannabis based on usage characteristics and correlates with other substance consumption and harms. Data are from the São Paulo Megacity Mental Health Survey (N = 5,037).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAddict Behav
March 2025
Center of Applied Psychology, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Avda. de la Universidad, s/n. 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain.
Subst Use Misuse
March 2025
Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, Ohio, USA.
Background: Substance use is highly prevalent among older people with HIV and continues to have a negative impact on engagement along the HIV care continuum, particularly among African Americans (AA). Social factors like resource insecurity, stigma, and discrimination may play a role in substance use behaviors. However, there is limited research on how these social factors impact substance use among older people with HIV.
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