Prognostic factors and outcomes in 28 cases of uterine leiomyosarcoma.

Objectives: It was the aim of this study to evaluate clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors of uterine leiomyosarcomas (LMS).

Methods: Twenty-eight patients with uterine LMS were evaluated in this retrospective study. Their features and survival were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests.

Results: The median age of the patients was 52 years (range 25-74). Nine patients had a disease with a mitotic count <10/10 high-power fields. Twenty-one patients presented with stage I disease, 1 with stage II and 6 with stage IV. Twelve patients underwent total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, 2 simple hysterectomy, 5 myomectomy and 9 more comprehensive surgical treatments. Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered to 16 patients, whereas chemoradiation was given only to 2 patients. Fifty percent presented with recurrence of the disease. The median overall survival was 46 months. Age, mitotic count, type of surgery, adjuvant therapy, recurrence and clinical response to chemotherapy were not found to affect survival, while the menopausal status and FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) stage were found to be prognostic factors.

Conclusion: In our series, the menopausal state and FIGO stage were found to be prognostic factors related to survival.