Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis is a rare inflammatory breast disease of unknown etiology. It manifests as breast mass of 6 cm on average (range 2-10 cm), often in upper outer quadrant of left breast, in another quadrant, right or bilateral breast. Clinical diagnosis by ultrasound or mammography and fine needle aspiration confuses with carcinoma; histopathology (gold standard) confirm the diagnosis after ruling out causes of granulomatous inflammation, mainly tuberculosis. Steroid treatment achieve complete remission, but adverse reactions and relapses after the descent and suspension. Methotrexate or azathioprine is added from the start to maintain remission. We report three cases of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis diagnosis and treatment based on prednisone until clinical improvement and methotrexate as maintenance therapy. Complete remission was obtained in three patients. The rheumatologist knows and handles autoimmune/inflammatory with these drugs, therefore, is suggested the multidisciplinary treatment of this disease with oncologists and gynecologists.
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Acad Radiol
January 2025
Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Zhangjiakou First Hospital, Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province, 075000, China (P.D., L.Z., H.Z.). Electronic address:
Background: Granulomatous mastitis (GM) is an inflammatory breast condition with high recurrence risk, often complicating management. Existing imaging techniques provide limited predictive insight. This study aims to analyze the correlation between contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) features and the risk of GM recurrence, developing a predictive model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Oncology/Radiation Oncolgy, Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, ARE.
Granulomatous mastitis (GM) is a chronic inflammatory breast condition that presents significant diagnostic challenges due to its clinical and imaging similarities to malignancies. Accurate diagnosis is crucial to avoid unnecessary interventions and ensure effective management. A total of 1,216 articles were initially identified through a comprehensive database search.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Pathol Lab Med
January 2025
From the Divisions of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (Gan, Y Ding, Wu, Zhang, Meng, QQ Ding, Han).
Objective.—: To report the isolation and significance of C kroppenstedtii, features of patients with GLM, pathologic findings and mechanism, bacteriologic workup, and optimal treatment.
Design.
Int J Mol Sci
January 2025
Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, 34093 Istanbul, Türkiye.
Granulomatous mastitis (GM) is a rare, benign, but chronic and recurrent inflammatory breast disease that significantly impacts physical and psychological well-being. It often presents symptoms such as pain, swelling, and discharge, leading to diagnostic confusion with malignancy. The etiology of GM remains unclear, though autoimmune and multifactorial components are suspected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRheumatol Int
January 2025
Division of Rheumatology, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.
Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare inflammatory disease of the breast. Various clinical management approaches have been described, but their efficacy and optimal sequential order remain uncertain. We describe the first Canadian cohort of patients with IGM, discuss treatment outcomes and outline a practical management approach.
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