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Investigation into the biomolecular bases of blunted cocaine-induced glutamate release within the nucleus accumbens elicited by adolescent exposure to phenylpropanolamine.
Drug Alcohol Depend
November 2024
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA; Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA. Electronic address:
Globally, phenylpropanolamine (PPA) is a prevalent primary active ingredient in over-the-counter cough and cold, as well as weight-loss medications. Previously, we showed that a sensitization of cocaine-induced glutamate release within the nucleus accumbens (NAC) and the expression of cocaine-conditioned reward is not apparent in adult mice with a prior history of repeated PPA exposure during adolescence. As NAC glutamate is a purported driver of cocaine reward and reinforcement, the present study employed in vivo microdialysis and immunoblotting approaches to inform as to the receptor and transporter anomalies that might underpin the disrupted glutamate response to cocaine in adolescent PPA-exposed mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe predominant method for treating obesity has been suggesting and providing information on a controlled diet and, to a lesser extent, increased exercise. That approach has largely failed beyond the short term for many decades as obesity rates continue to rise. Therefore, leveraging improvements in psychosocial correlates of weight-loss behaviors has sometimes been suggested instead.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMercury Levels in Selected Medicines and Dietary Supplements in Poland.
Biol Trace Elem Res
June 2024
Department of Toxicology, Toxicological Analysis and Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical University of Silesia, Ostrogórska 30 Str. 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland.
Current trends are promoting youth, beauty, health, and fitness. Individuals often seek out remedies, such as medicines or dietary supplements (DS), to achieve these goals. However, highly processed foods, chronic stress, and environmental pollution contribute to the development of civilization diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFModelling remission from overweight type 2 diabetes reveals how altering advice may counter relapse.
Math Biosci
May 2024
School of Engineering, Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, 55 Wellesley Street East, Auckland 1010, New Zealand. Electronic address:
The development or remission of diet-induced overweight type 2 diabetes involves many biological changes which occur over very different timescales. Remission, defined by HbA<6.5%, or fasting plasma glucose concentration G<126 mg/dl, may be achieved rapidly by following weight loss guidelines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOutcomes of Drug Interactions Between Antiretrovirals and Co-Medications, Including Over-the-Counter Drugs: A Real-World Study.
Infect Dis Ther
March 2024
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to analyze the effects of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) between antiretrovirals (ARVs) and other medications, including over-the-counter (OTC) drugs, on treatment outcomes in real-world settings.
- Between March 2019 and May 2023, 139 clinical cases were reviewed, revealing that most interactions involved common ARV boosters and highlighted frequent DDI issues with CNS and cardiovascular drugs as well as OTC medications.
- The findings emphasize the need for careful medication reconciliation, as OTC drugs often led to reduced efficacy of ARVs and toxicity in certain cases, making real-world case data a vital tool for understanding DDIs in clinical practice.
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