AI Article Synopsis
- The study investigated the sonolytic degradation of dimethoate in water, finding the best degradation rates at specific ultrasonic frequencies of 619 kHz and 406 kHz for continuous and pulse sonolysis, respectively.
- The degradation mechanisms include oxidation by hydroxyl radicals, hydrolysis, and pyrolysis occurring at the interfaces of collapsing cavitation bubbles.
- The research also revealed that over 90% of dimethoate's toxicity was reduced within 45 minutes of ultrasonic treatment, with ferrous ions significantly enhancing the degradation process and minimizing toxic byproducts.
Article Abstract
The sonolytic degradation of aqueous solutions of dimethoate, O,O-dimethyl S-[2-(methylamino)-2-oxoethyl]dithiophosphate, was examined. Optimal degradation rates were obtained at 619 kHz for continuous sonolysis and 406 kHz for pulse sonolysis. The primary pathways for degradation include hydroxyl radical oxidation, hydrolysis and pyrolysis on collapsing cavitation bubble interfaces. Reaction mechanisms coupled with the corresponding kinetic models are proposed to reproduce the observed concentration versus time profiles for dimethoate, omethoate and N-(methyl) mercaptoacetamide during sonolysis. The oxidation and hydrolysis of dimethoate and omethoate occurred at the water-bubble interface was the rate-determining step for sonolytic overall degradation of dimethoate. More than 90% toxicity of dimethoate was reduced within 45 min ultrasonic irradiation. Ferrous ion at micro molar level can significantly enhance the sonolytic degradation of dimethoate and effectively reduce the yields of toxic intermediate omethoate.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2011.08.042 | DOI Listing |
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