Since its first characterization as a model for the detection of antidepressant drugs (van Riezen et al., 1976) a large body of data now supports the view that olfactory bulbectomy produces changes in animal behavior that are reversed by chronic treatment with antidepressants. The behavioral deficits seen in olfactory bulbectomized rats (such as irritability, deficits in acquisition of avoidance and of appetitive motivated conditioning and hyperactivity in a new environment) are probably the results of a reduced ability to adapt to environmental changes. These behavioral changes, their biochemical consequences and the effects of treatments with psychotropic drugs are reviewed. These studies suggest that the olfactory bulbectomized rat is a model of depression useful to detect antidepressant drugs.
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