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Establishment and Use of Primary Cultured Astrocytes from Alexander Disease Model Mice.
Int J Mol Sci
November 2024
Department of Neuropharmacology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo 409-3898, Japan.
Alexander disease (AxD) is an intractable neurodegenerative disease caused by mutations in (), which is predominantly expressed in astrocytes. Thus, AxD is a primary astrocyte disease. However, it remains unclear how mutations affect astrocytes and cause AxD pathology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCocoon microstructures through the lens of topological persistence.
J R Soc Interface
November 2024
University of Potsdam, Institute for Mathematics, Potsdam 14476, Germany.
Biological materials display a wide array of functionality, often dictated by complicated microstructures. New geometric and topological strategies allow one to describe the microstructures in a precise and systematic way. This article describes the application of topological persistence and other geometric methods to the microstructural analysis of three-dimensional X-ray micro-computed tomography scans of the silkworm cocoons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHigh-grade astrocytoma with piloid features: MRI findings associated with a novel entity.
Radiol Case Rep
December 2024
Department of Medical Imaging, Hamilton General Hospital, Hamilton, Canada.
Article Synopsis
- A new type of brain tumor called high-grade astrocytoma with piloid features needs special DNA tests to be diagnosed.
- A 34-year-old man had headaches and dizziness, and doctors found the tumor after surgery using DNA analysis.
- The imaging tests showed specific patterns of the tumor that matched the findings in the tissue samples, helping to understand this new type of brain tumor better.
Neuropathology of white matter disorders.
Handb Clin Neurol
September 2024
Division of Neuropathology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom; Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address:
The hallmark neuropathologic feature of all leukodystrophies is depletion or alteration of the white matter of the central nervous system; however increasing genetic discoveries highlight the genetic heterogeneity of white matter disorders. These discoveries have significantly helped to advance the understanding of the complexity of molecular mechanisms involved in the biogenesis and maintenance of healthy white matter. Accordingly, genetic discoveries and functional studies have enabled us to firmly establish that multiple distinct structural defects can lead to white matter pathology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPilomyxoid Astrocytoma Presenting With Developmental Regression: A Case Report.
Cureus
August 2024
Neurosurgery, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, IND.
Pilomyxoid astrocytoma (PMA) is a subtype of pilocytic astrocytoma (PA). PMA tends to exhibit a more aggressive course compared to PA. We present a case of a two-year-old male with a PMA in the suprasellar region who presented with developmental regression, loss of previously attained milestones such as the ability to hold his neck, walk, and talk, along with hypotonia in all four limbs.
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