Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the short-term effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in periodontal tissue when it is used as an adjuvant treatment for periodontitis.
Background Data: PDT has been used as an adjuvant in the combat of local infections, such as periodontitis, and combines a photosensitizer (PS) with a light source to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and kill microbial cells.
Methods: Fifty healthy male rats were used in this study. Periodontitis was induced by placing a cotton ligature around the upper left second molar in a subgingival position. Posterior maxillas were removed and histologically prepared with hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining techniques. PDT was performed with a diode laser (λ=660 nm) with an output power of 100 mW. Methylene blue aqueous solution (100 μM) was used as the PS while control group used phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Collagen organization, inflammatory infiltrate, and bone loss were evaluated. Bacterial samples were collected before and immediately after treatment to determine bacterial reduction.
Results: The experimental group that was treated with PDT presented better periodontal healing, as measured by collagen organization, inflammatory infiltrate, and bone loss. Significant bacterial reduction was achieved following treatment with or without PDT compared to control, with a higher microbial reduction observed in the PDT group.
Conclusions: PDT used as an adjuvant treatment showed effective short-term control of periodontitis infection.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/pho.2010.2984 | DOI Listing |
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Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
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This review delves into the potential of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as promising candidates for combating arboviruses, focusing on their mechanisms of antiviral activity, challenges, and future directions. AMPs have shown promise in preventing arbovirus attachment to host cells, inducing interferon production, and targeting multiple viral stages, illustrating their multifaceted impact on arbovirus infections. Structural elucidation of AMP-viral complexes is explored to deepen the understanding of molecular determinants governing viral neutralization, paving the way for structure-guided design.
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Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
With an incidence of 2-5 per million adults, cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a rarity in the spectrum of cerebrovascular diseases. The etiology and symptomatic presentation are heterogeneous and diverse. CSVT is, therefore, often underdiagnosed.
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Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney; and Mater and Royal North Shore Hospitals, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Neoadjuvant immunotherapies have shown antitumor activity in melanoma. Substudy 02C of the global, rolling-arm, phase 1/2, adaptive-design KEYMAKER-U02 trial is evaluating neoadjuvant pembrolizumab (anti-PD-1) alone or in combination, followed by adjuvant pembrolizumab, for stage IIIB-D melanoma. Here we report results from the first three arms: pembrolizumab plus vibostolimab (anti-TIGIT), pembrolizumab plus gebasaxturev (coxsackievirus A21) and pembrolizumab monotherapy.
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