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Antimalarial efficacy of piperaquine-based antimalarial combination therapies: facts and uncertainties. | LitMetric

Antimalarial efficacy of piperaquine-based antimalarial combination therapies: facts and uncertainties.

Trop Med Int Health

R&D Area, Sigma-tau Industrie Farmaceutiche Riunite S.p.A., Rome, Italy.

Published: December 2011

Piperaquine is a bisquinoline antimalarial drug extensively used as monotherapy in China in the 1980s and subsequently included as one of the components of the artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) in the 1990s. Among them, dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHA-PQP) represents a new and extremely promising fixed combination. Several clinical trials have repeatedly shown that DHA-PQP is a safe and highly efficacious therapy against uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum and the asexual stages of Plasmodium vivax malaria. Studies conducted with this drug have reported cure rates consistently above 95%, with the only exception being a study carried out in Papua New Guinea which reported a high rate of treatment failures. Although it has been hypothesized that such treatment failures could be related to cross-resistance mechanisms between piperaquine and other quinolines or to a reduced susceptibility of parasites to artemisinin derivatives, a critical review of the studies published so far seems to exclude both of these possibilities. Overall, there is now sufficient evidence on the safety and efficacy of the DHA-PQP therapy. Accordingly, the use of this ACT for the treatment of P. falciparum malaria has been recently approved in the EU via a centralized procedure by the European Medicines Agency. Moreover, it is now recommended globally by the World Health Organization as an option for the first-line treatment of uncomplicated malaria.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2011.02855.xDOI Listing

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