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Adherence to tuberculosis (TB) treatment in high compared to low TB burden countries: study protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis with a qualitative meta-synthesis of themes.
BMJ Open
January 2025
Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.
Introduction: Non-adherence to tuberculosis (TB) treatment poses a significant challenge to effective TB management globally and is a major contributor to the emergence of multidrug-resistant TB. Although adherence to TB treatment has been widely studied, a comprehensive evaluation of the comparative levels of adherence in high- versus low-TB burden settings remains lacking. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the levels of adherence to TB treatment in high-TB burden countries compared to low-burden countries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInhibitors of NADH-O-methylquinone compound a class of antitubercular drugs.
Mol Divers
January 2025
Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Fourth People's Hospital of Nanhai District of Foshan City, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China.
Disruption of the mycobacterial redox homeostasis leads to irreversible stress induction and cell death. Hydroquinone scaffolds, as a new type of redox cycling anti-tuberculosis chemotypes, exhibit potent bactericidal activity against non-replicating, nutrient-deprived phenotypically drug-resistant bacteria. Evidences from microbiological, biochemical, and genetic studies indicate that the redox-driven mode of action relies on the reduction of quinones by type II NADH dehydrogenase (NDH2), generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) of bactericidal level.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdditive Effects of Glutathione in Improving Antibiotic Efficacy in HIV- Co-Infection in the Central Nervous System: A Systematic Review.
Viruses
January 2025
College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA.
Background: HIV and tuberculosis (TB) co-infection poses a significant health challenge, particularly when involving the central nervous system (CNS), where it leads to severe morbidity and mortality. Current treatments face challenges such as drug resistance, immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), and persistent inflammation. Glutathione (GSH) has the therapeutic potential to enhance treatment outcomes by improving antibiotic efficacy, reducing inflammation, and mitigating immune dysfunction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTargeting the Heart of Mycobacterium: Advances in Anti-Tubercular Agents Disrupting Cell Wall Biosynthesis.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
January 2025
School of Pharmacy, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK.
infections continue to pose a significant global health challenge, particularly due to the rise of multidrug-resistant strains, random mycobacterial mutations, and the complications associated with short-term antibiotic regimens. Currently, five approved drugs target cell wall biosynthesis in . This review provides a comprehensive analysis of these drugs and their molecular mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioactive Fused Pyrazoles Inspired by the Adaptability of 5-Aminopyrazole Derivatives: Recent Review.
Molecules
January 2025
Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt.
Heterocyclic compounds, especially those containing the pyrazole moiety, are highly significant in organic chemistry and possess remarkable and diverse biological properties. The 5-aminopyrazole derivatives are key starting materials for the synthesis of numerous bioactive compounds such as pyrazolopyridine, pyrazolopyrimidine, pyrazoloquinazoline, and pyrazolotriazine derivatives. Many compounds inspired by the 5-aminopyrazole derivatives possess a wide spectrum of biological activities and medicinal applications such as antioxidants, anticancer agents, enzyme inhibitors, antimicrobials, and anti-tuberculosis activities.
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