[Marie Curie, née Maria Sklodowska (1867-1934)--contribution to the development of radiology].

Marie Curie, née Maria Sklodowska, was born on November 7, 1867 in Warsaw (Poland). She suffered from leukaemia and died on June 4, 1934. She was buried with full honours at Pantheon. Marie Curie and her husband Pierre Curie discovered the radioactive elements Polonium (84Po210), Thorium (90Th232) and Radium (88Ra226). Marie Curie introduced the term radioactivity into science. She was the first woman who got Ph.D. in France, the first woman professor at Sorbonne, Paris and Medical Academy. Of all the women who have ever won the Nobel Prize, Marie Curie was the only who received it twice. During World War I Marie Curie designed a mobile x-ray room "radiologic car". Marie Curie had an x-ray machine installed into a car and demonstrated how to use its dynamo for electric power production necessary for the x-ray machine to work. She had 20 cars with moving radiological lab made and trained 150 people to work on them. She brought something radically new into military medicine--mobile x-ray diagnostics. With the discovery of radioactive elements a new medical branch, radiotherapy, was developed.