Spontaneous renal vein thrombosis (RVT) is very rare in the absence of nephrotic syndrome. It is more common in newborns and infants. RVT should always be included in the differential diagnosis of flank pain and hematuria, and because RVT can induce acute renal injury. A 19-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because he complained of right flank pain and oliguria for 3 days. Another patient, a 24-year-old man, complained of a severe and sudden onset of bilateral flank pain and anuria for a day. They were both healthy before they developed the described symptoms and had different levels of decrease in renal function when they visited the hospital. Color Doppler ultrasonography revealed RVT in both the patients. The patients received therapy, including anticoagulation and thrombolysis, following their diagnoses, and they recovered in a few days.
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