Severity: Warning
Message: Undefined array key "choices"
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 249
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 249
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 249
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 249
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Function: require_once
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Message: strpos(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($haystack) of type string is deprecated
Filename: models/Detail_model.php
Line Number: 71
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File: /var/www/html/application/models/Detail_model.php
Line: 71
Function: strpos
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 252
Function: insertAPISummary
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Function: require_once
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Message: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
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File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
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Function: str_replace
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 255
Function: formatAIDetailSummary
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Undefined array key "choices"
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 256
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 256
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 256
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 256
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 256
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 256
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Undefined array key "usage"
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 257
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 257
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 257
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 257
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Undefined array key "usage"
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 258
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 258
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 258
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 258
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
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Message: Undefined array key "usage"
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 259
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 259
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
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Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Message: Undefined array key "usage"
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
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Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
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Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: file_get_contents(https://...@gmail.com&api_key=61f08fa0b96a73de8c900d749fcb997acc09): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
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File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 143
Function: file_get_contents
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
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Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3098
Function: getPubMedXML
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
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Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
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Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
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Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
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File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
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File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
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Function: require_once
Introduction: endothelial dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. It is well established that physical training has beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. We recently reported that angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)] concentration and the Mas receptor expression is increased in the left ventricle of trained spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR). The vascular effects of Ang-(1-7) in trained animals remain so far unknown. In the present study we investigated the effects of physical training on the vasodilator effect of Ang-(1-7) in the aorta of SHR.
Methodology: normotensive Wistar rats and SHR were subjected to an 8-wk period of 5% overload of body weight swimming training. Changes in isometric tension were recorded on myograph. Western blot was used to investigate Ang-(1-7) receptors expression.
Results: in aortas from normotensive rats Ang-(1-7) and ACh induced a concentration-dependent vasodilator effect, which was not modified by the physical training. Vessels from SHR had an impaired vasodilator response to Ang-(1-7) and ACh. The swimming training strongly potentiated the vasodilator effect induced by Ang-(1-7) in SHR, but did not modify the effect of ACh. Interestingly, Mas receptor protein expression was substantially increased by physical training in SHR. In trained SHR, the vasodilator effect of Ang-(1-7) was abrogated by removal of the endothelium and by the selective Ang-(1-7) receptor antagonists A-779 and d-Pro(7)-Ang-(1-7). l-NAME decreased Ang-(1-7) vasodilator response and indomethacin abolished the remaining dilatory response.
Conclusion: physical training increased Mas receptors expression in SHR aortas, thereby improving the vasodilator effect of Ang-(1-7) through an endothelium-dependent mechanism involving nitric oxide and prostacyclin.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00034.2011 | DOI Listing |
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