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Reductive acetogenesis is a dominant process in the ruminant hindgut.
Microbiome
January 2025
Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Background: The microbes residing in ruminant gastrointestinal tracts play a crucial role in converting plant biomass to volatile fatty acids, which serve as the primary energy source for ruminants. This gastrointestinal tract comprises a foregut (rumen) and hindgut (cecum and colon), which differ in structures and functions, particularly with respect to feed digestion and fermentation. While the rumen microbiome has been extensively studied, the cecal microbiome remains much less investigated and understood, especially concerning the assembling microbial communities and overriding pathways of hydrogen metabolism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVitamin B2 Operates by Dual Thermodynamic and Kinetic Mechanisms to Selectively Tailor Urate Crystallization.
J Am Chem Soc
January 2025
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States.
Here we demonstrate how a biologically relevant molecule, riboflavin (vitamin B2), operates by a dual mode of action to effectively control crystallization of ammonium urate (NHHU), which is associated with cetacean kidney stones. In situ microfluidics and atomic force microscopy experiments confirm a strong interaction between riboflavin and NHHU crystal surfaces that substantially inhibits layer nucleation and spreading by kinetic mechanisms of step pinning and kink blocking. Riboflavin does not alter the distribution of tautomeric urate isomers, but its adsorption on NHHU crystal surfaces does interfere with the effects of minor urate tautomer by limiting its ability to induce NHHU crystal defects while also suppressing NHHU nucleation and inhibiting crystal growth by 80% at an uncharacteristically low modifier concentration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZonal Characteristics of Collagen Ultrastructure and Responses to Mechanical Loading in Articular Cartilage.
Acta Biomater
January 2025
Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, UK. Electronic address:
The biomechanical properties of articular cartilage arise from a complex bioenvironment comprising hierarchically organised collagen networks within the extracellular matrix (ECM) that interact with the proteoglycan-rich interstitial fluid. This network features a depth-dependent fibril organisation across different zones. Understanding how collagen fibrils respond to external loading is key to elucidating the mechanisms behind lesion and managing degenerative conditions like osteoarthritis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHierarchical Porous Aggregate-Enabled Chromatography-Inspired Single-Sensor E-Nose for Volatile Monitoring.
ACS Sens
January 2025
School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, In Situ Devices Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
Monitoring volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is crucial for ensuring safety and health. In this study, we introduce a strategy to engineer a chromatography-inspired single-sensor (CISS) e-nose tailored for VOC monitoring. This approach overcomes the limitations of traditional methodologies and conventional e-noses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMonitoring the Fate of Zn in the Cu/ZnO/ZrO2 Catalyst during CO2-to-Methanol Synthesis at High Conversions by Operando Spectroscopy.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
January 2025
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology KIT, Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Kaiserstr. 12, Fakultät für Chemie, 76131, Karlsruhe, GERMANY.
In the frame of developing a sustainable chemical industry, heterogeneously catalyzed CO2 hydrogenation to methanol has attracted considerable interest. However, the Cu-Zn based catalyst system employed in this process is very dynamic, especially in the presence of the products methanol and water. Deactivation needs to be prevented, but its origin and mechanism are hardly investigated at high conversion where product condensation is possible.
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