Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a condition with a prevalence of around 1-2% (3-4% in some studies) with a recognised protocol for its treatment produced by the national institute for health and clinical excellence (NICE). NICE recommends that all patients with OCD are first offered treatment with cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) concentrating on exposure and response prevention (ERP) before proceeding to selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Treatment may later be augmented with clomipramine and/or an antipsychotic. This study focuses on the biological treatment received after, or in parallel to, the psychological. We aimed to collate and evaluate the levels of biological treatment currently received by OCD outpatients in the Bedford East catchment area of SEPT. In particular we wished to establish how many of the patients were receiving an atypical antipsychotic as well as maximal SSRIs. Hence we have attempted to assess the types of treatment received by patients under our care, and the difficulties associated with the treatment of this illness.
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Dig Dis Sci
January 2025
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Center for Esophageal Diseases and Swallowing, and Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, 130 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Metab Brain Dis
January 2025
Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark.
Background & Aims: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE), one of the most serious prognostic factors for mortality in alcohol-related cirrhosis (ALD cirrhosis), is not recorded in Danish healthcare registries. However, treatment of HE with lactulose, the universal first-line treatment, can be identified through data on filled prescriptions. This study aimed to investigate if lactulose can be used as a surrogate marker of HE.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neuroimmune Pharmacol
January 2025
Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, PR China.
Emerging evidence highlights the significance of peripheral inflammation in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) and suggests the gut as a viable therapeutic target. This study aimed to explore the neuroprotective effects of the probiotic formulation VSL#3 and its underlying mechanism in a PD mouse model induced by MPTP. Following MPTP administration, the striatal levels of dopamine and its metabolites, as along with the survival rate of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, were significantly reduced in PD mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Oncol Rep
January 2025
Radiation Oncology Department, General Regional Hospital "F.Miulli", Acquaviva Delle Fonti, Bari, Italy.
Purpose Of Review: Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare entity which often arises in elderly people. Aim of this review is to evaluate the principal issues related to MBC in elderly, because the therapeutic management of disease is not only related to the biological behavior of the tumor, but also to the comorbidities and frailty of older population. A scoping literature review was performed on Pubmed and Cochrane Database using the following keywords: therapeutic management/ male/ breast cancer/ elderly patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Biol Rep
January 2025
Department of Clinical Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Background: Infertility is a significant issue in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. Men with SCI often experience erectile and ejaculatory dysfunctions, and low sperm quality leading to impaired fertility. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of Erythropoietin (EPO)alginate/chitosan (CH-AL) hydrogel on SCI-induced male rat infertility.
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