As editors of the special issue, we try to summarize here the historiographic trends of the field.We argue that the field of research is accommodating the diversity of the institutional, social and political developments. But there is no narrative in sight which can explain the psychiatry of the 20th century, comparable to the authoritative coherence achieved for the 19th century. In contrast, the efforts to extend these narratives to the 20th century are largely missing the most impressive transformation of psychiatric treatment--and self-definition.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957154X11404791 | DOI Listing |
Cardiovasc Diabetol
January 2025
Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have revolutionized the treatment of cardiometabolic diseases, extending their therapeutic applications far beyond glycemic control in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. This editorial synthesizes key milestones, from the discovery of GLP-1 to recent clinical trials highlighting the pleiotropic effects of GLP-1RAs in addressing the interconnected spectrum of cardiometabolic conditions, with a focus on cardiovascular, renal, and hepatic benefits. In addition, as GLP-1RAs continue to reshape the management of cardiometabolic disease and global public health, we discuss future challenges to better elucidate their mechanisms of cardiometabolic protection and maximize their therapeutic potential.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Colorectal Dis
January 2025
Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
Purpose: Acute appendicitis (AA) is the leading cause of acute abdomen worldwide, with an incidence of 90-100 cases per 100,000 individuals annually and a lifetime risk of 7-12%. Despite its prevalence, historical accounts of AA are limited, particularly when compared to conditions like haemorrhoids, likely due to the appendix's internal location. This article traces the historical evolution of AA treatment from ancient times to the present, highlighting key contributions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Adv
January 2025
Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Ice core measurements reveal dipole-like snow accumulation trends over West Antarctica throughout the 20th century, with an increase of >2000 billion metric tons over the Antarctic Peninsula and Ellsworth Land but a decrease of ~500 billion metric tons over Marie Byrd Land. Although atmospheric teleconnections were frequently revealed, linking variability between tropics and higher latitudes on interannual and decadal timescales, centennial-scale teleconnection is absent from literature. Here, using statistical analysis and numerical experiments, we reveal that changes of tropical oceans throughout the 20th century drive the long-term Antarctic snowfall trend.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Hist Behav Sci
January 2025
Department of Social Research Methodology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
This paper analyzes medical-sexological and sexual-psychological public discourse in Hungary between the Second World War and the regime change, through counseling and science communication books. It engages with works on the history of Hungarian socialist sexual discourse. It differs from such works in two main respects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Psychoanal
December 2024
Independent Researcher.
This article examines the signification of the principle of constancy in Freud's pre-psychoanalytic drafts and papers and in . It is argued that Freud's principle differs from seemingly similar principles proposed by Breuer and Fechner, and that it constitutes an assumption about the maintaining of a constant amount of mobile biophysical energy whose purpose is to return to equilibrium, but, proceeding from the primary functions of discharge (principle of inertia) and accumulation (exigencies of life), to consolidate an asymmetry within the nervous system. This gives rise to a set of quasi-psychological dualisms: an energetic dualism between kinetic and tonic energy; a systemic dualism between impermeable and permeable neurons; and a processual dualism between courses of the excitation with and without the inhibiting influence of the ego.
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