We report the case of a 66-year-old man, presenting a right kidney mass with an alteration of the clinical status, treated by radical nephrectomy. Pathology reported that it was a pseudotumoral form of a bacterial infection: actinomycosis. This is an uncommon disease in this location. The authors wonder if it is possible to avoid nephrectomy with a preoperative diagnosis, especially with renal biopsy. The patient was well doing after 18 months thanks to long-lasting and effective postoperative antibiotics (Dhanani et al., 2004).
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