AI Article Synopsis
- The study explores work done on a noninteracting electron gas in a ring when a magnetic field is applied, confirming that the Jarzynski equality holds, using grand potential instead of free energy.
- Work distribution is temperature-dependent; at high temperatures, it resembles a Gaussian distribution, while at low temperatures, it becomes multimodal and the free energy difference is significant.
- The findings emphasize how the number of electrons in the system influences the statistics of work performed.
Article Abstract
We investigate the statistics of work performed on a noninteracting electron gas confined in a ring as a threaded magnetic field is turned on. For an electron gas initially prepared in a grand canonical state it is demonstrated that the Jarzynski equality continues to hold in this case, with the free energy replaced by the grand potential. The work distribution displays a marked dependence on the temperature. While in the classical (high-temperature) regime, the work probability density function follows a Gaussian distribution and the free energy difference entering the Jarzynski equality is null, the free energy difference is finite in the quantum regime, and the work probability distribution function becomes multimodal. We point out the dependence of the work statistics on the number of electrons composing the system.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.84.011138 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Mechanism of Radix Bupleuri and Hedysarum Multijugum Maxim drug pairs on liver fibrosis based on network pharmacology, bioinformatics and molecular dynamics simulation.
PLoS One
January 2025
School of Public Health, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Hefei, China.
A number of studies demonstrate the therapeutic effectiveness of Radix Bupleuri (RB) and Hedysarum Multijugum Maxim (HMM) in treating liver fibrosis, but the exact molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to explore the mechanism of RB-HMM drug pairs in treating liver fibrosis by using network pharmacology, bioinformatics, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation technology and in vitro experiments. Totally, 155 intersection targets between RB-HMM and liver fibrosis were identified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAttosecond Rescattering of Laser-Assisted Electron-Proton Collision in Coulomb Potential.
J Phys Chem A
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
This study investigates the motion of an electron in a Coulomb potential driven by an intense linearly polarized XUV laser pulse analyzed using Gordon-Volkov wave functions. The wave function is decomposed into spherical partial waves to model the scattered electron wave packet after the recollision with a proton. This interaction triggers high harmonic generation, producing coherent X-ray pulses with frequencies that are integer multiples of the XUV field.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTuning the lanthanide binding tags for preferential actinide chelation: an all atom molecular dynamics study.
Phys Chem Chem Phys
January 2025
Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India.
The present study focuses on designing mutant peptides derived from the lanthanide binding tag (LBT) to enhance selectivity for trivalent actinide (An) ions over lanthanide (Ln) metal ions (M). The LBT is a short peptide consisting of only 17 amino acids, and is known for its high affinity towards Ln. LBT was modified by substituting hard-donor ligands like asparagine (ASN or N) and aspartic acid (ASP or D) with softer ligand cysteine (CYS or C) to create four mutant peptides: M-LBT (wild-type), M-N103C, M-D105C, and M-N103C-D105C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnderstanding the effects of adduct functionalization on C nanocages for the hydrogen evolution reaction.
Nanoscale Horiz
January 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering, Hampton University, Hampton, VA 23668, USA.
In this work, we use experimental and theoretical techniques to study the origin of the boosted hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalytic activity of two pyridyl-pyrrolidine functionalized C fullerenes. Notably, the mono-(pyridyl-pyrrolidine) penta-adduct of C has exhibited a remarkable HER catalytic activity as a metal-free catalyst, delivering an overpotential () of 75 mV RHE and a very low onset potential of -45 mV RHE. This work addresses fundamental questions about how functionalization on C changes the electron density on fullerene cages for high-performance HER electrocatalysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIsovalent substitution-induced pseudodoping in ZrxTi1-xSe2 transition metal dichalcogenides.
J Chem Phys
January 2025
Institute of Metal Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences-Ural Division, 620990 Yekaterinburg, Russia.
The crystal and electronic structure of ZrxTi1-xSe2 (0 < x < 1) compounds and their electrical resistivity have been studied in detail for the first time. A combination of soft x-ray spectroscopic methods (XPS, XAS, and ResPES) was used to investigate the electronic structure. The lattice parameters as a function of the metal concentration x obey Vegard's law.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!