Direct evaluation of the induced π current density in [5]paracyclophane (1) shows that, despite the significant non-planarity (α = 23.2°) enforced by the pentamethylene bridge, there is only a modest (ca. 17%) reduction in the π ring current, justifying the use of shielding-cone arguments for the assignment of (1)H NMR chemical shifts of 1 and the claim that the non-planar benzene ring in 1 retains its aromaticity (on the magnetic criterion).
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Annu Rev Med
January 2025
University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Clinical AIDS Research and Education (CARE) Center, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA; email:
Despite rapid advances in the field of HIV prevention and treatment, unacceptably high global HIV incidence rates highlight the ongoing need for effective HIV prevention interventions for populations at risk for HIV acquisition. This article provides an updated review of the current data surrounding HIV prevention strategies, including treatment as prevention (TasP), preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP), and postexposure prophylaxis (PEP), as well as advances in sexually transmitted infection biomedical prevention. This review provides an overview of the multiple PrEP modalities that are available globally, such as oral PrEP, injectable cabotegravir, and the dapivirine vaginal ring, and describes their respective clinical trials, efficacies, and regulatory approvals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Chem Chem Phys
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China.
The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of an organic solar cell (OSC) mainly depends on the chemical structures and intrinsic properties of its active layer materials. The development of new nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) has significantly boosted the PCEs of OSCs over the last decade. Herein, two carbon-oxygen-bridged fused nonacyclic donor units were developed to synthesize two NFAs, namely TTPIC-Ar and iTTPIC-Ar, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Nowadays, chemotherapy and immunotherapy remain the major treatment strategies for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). Identifying biomarkers to pre-select and subclassify TNBC patients with distinct chemotherapy responses is essential. In the current study, we performed an unbiased Reverse Phase Protein Array (RPPA) on TNBC cells treated with chemotherapy compounds and found a leading significant increase of phosphor-AURKA/B/C, AURKA, AURKB, and PLK1, which fall into the mitotic kinase group.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInjury
January 2025
Department of Surgery, The Trauma and Orthopaedic Research Unit, The Canberra Hospital, Garran, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
Background: Unstable posterior pelvic-ring fractures are rare and difficult to manage. There are many injury patterns, they are associated with high morbidity and mortality, and optimal surgical management remains contentions. This study aims to compare outcomes and complications for different surgical management of these injuries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
January 2025
National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing 100190, China.
The development of highly active and stable cathodes in alkaline solutions is crucial for promoting the commercialization of anion exchange membrane (AEM) electrolyzers, yet it remains a significant challenge. Herein, we synthesized atomically dispersed CoP moieties (CoP-SSC) immobilized on ultrathin carbon nanosheets via a phosphidation exfoliation strategy at medium temperature. The thermodynamic formation process of the Co-P moieties was elucidated using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and theoretical calculations.
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