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Advanced technologies for the development of infectious disease vaccines.
Nat Rev Drug Discov
December 2024
David H Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Vaccines play a critical role in the prevention of life-threatening infectious disease. However, the development of effective vaccines against many immune-evading pathogens such as HIV has proven challenging, and existing vaccines against some diseases such as tuberculosis and malaria have limited efficacy. The historically slow rate of vaccine development and limited pan-variant immune responses also limit existing vaccine utility against rapidly emerging and mutating pathogens such as influenza and SARS-CoV-2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeep learning for discriminating non-trivial conformational changes in molecular dynamics simulations of SARS-CoV-2 spike-ACE2.
Sci Rep
September 2024
Department of Computer Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Article Synopsis
- Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations generate complex data that are challenging to analyze with traditional methods; however, combining this with deep learning allows for better understanding of structural changes in proteins, such as those caused by mutations.
- The study specifically focuses on the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein's receptor-binding domain (RBD), using distance maps and deep convolutional neural networks to predict how point mutations affect the virus's infectivity and ability to evade immune responses.
- Results showed promising predictive success regarding mutant types that enhance receptor affinity and reduce immunogenicity, with significant correlations found between simulation data and binding free energy changes, potentially aiding in identifying more infectious and immune-evasive strains of the virus.
Impact of Missense Mutations on Spike Protein Stability and Binding Affinity in the Omicron Variant.
Viruses
July 2024
Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA.
The global effort to combat the COVID-19 pandemic faces ongoing uncertainty with the emergence of Variants of Concern featuring numerous mutations on the Spike (S) protein. In particular, the Omicron Variant is distinguished by 32 mutations, including 10 within its receptor-binding domain (RBD). These mutations significantly impact viral infectivity and the efficacy of vaccines and antibodies currently in use for therapeutic purposes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJN.1 variant in enduring COVID-19 pandemic: is it a variety of interest (VoI) or variety of concern (VoC)?
Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig
June 2024
Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Telangana, India.
The emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, classified as a Variant of Concern (VoC) in November 2021, marked a significant shift in the COVID-19 landscape. This study investigates the subsequent development of a novel Omicron sublineage, JN.1, which displays distinctive mutations in the spike protein.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeutralizing antibody response to XBB.1.5, BA.2.86, FL.1.5.1, and JN.1 six months after the BNT162b2 bivalent booster.
Int J Infect Dis
June 2024
Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Unit, Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences, Namur Thrombosis and Hemostasis Center, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium; Qualiblood s.a., Research and Development Department, Namur, Belgium; Department of Biological Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, Hôpital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Objectives: An increase evasion of the SARS-CoV-2 virus toward vaccination strategies and natural immunity has been rapidly described notably because of the mutations in the spike receptor binding domain and the N-terminal domain.
Methods: Participants of the CRO-VAX HCP study who received the bivalent booster were followed up at 6 months. A pseudovirus-neutralization test was used to assess the neutralization potency of antibodies against D614G, Delta, BA.
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