Preoperative assessment clinic: a missed learning opportunity?

Background: Day-case surgery, theatre direct admissions and elective surgery have revolutionised the surgical patient's pathway, and have minimised the length of their hospital stay. However, with large numbers of medical students placed mostly at teaching hospitals, this has also significantly reduced students' exposure to clinical signs in surgery. This study aimed to assess whether the preoperative assessment clinic would be an appropriate teaching arena to offer medical students exposure to clinical signs.

Methods: Junior doctors assigned to the preoperative assessment clinic were asked to fill out a specially designed questionnaire for each patient they reviewed. This included the planned operation, presenting complaint, and identification and categorisation of objective clinical signs on examination. The assessor was asked whether the patient was suitable for, and amenable to, having medical students observe. The presenting complaints and clinical signs were referenced to the curriculum for Oxford University's second Bachelor of Medicine examinations (finals).

Results: Of the 100 patients seen in 40 clinics, only four refused to be seen by a medical student. Of the remaining patients, 89 (92%) had presenting complaints listed on the core curriculum for Oxford University. Seventy-six (79%) patients had objective clinical signs on examination. Only three patients (3%) had neither clinical signs nor core relevant presenting complaints.

Conclusions: The results clearly demonstrate that preoperative assessment is an arena that would give medical students two important opportunities: to examine objective clinical signs and to take histories of presenting complaints from the core curriculum. This learning opportunity would otherwise be missed.