Vacuum ultraviolet excitation spectra at ∼10 K have been recorded for [Formula: see text] transitions of Cs(2)NaYF(6):Ln(3+) (Ln = Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Ho, Er, Tm). In these high bandgap hosts the lanthanide ions occupy octahedral symmetry sites. The spectra comprise broad, structured bands and in most cases the individual vibronic structure is not resolved. Simulations of the relative intensities and band positions in the spectra have been made by using parameter values from previous studies and/or by employing values from similar systems or estimating trends across the lanthanide series, without data fitting or parameter adjustments. The agreement with experimental results is reasonable except where the luminescent state being monitored is not efficiently populated nonradiatively from the 4f(N-1)5d state, or where additional bands are present. The latter are readily assigned to charge transfer transitions or the near-excitonic band. Comparison of the spectra has been made with those of other high symmetry lanthanide ion systems.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/21/39/395504 | DOI Listing |
Nanotechnology
December 2024
CCTS/DFQM, UFSCar - Campus Sorocaba, Rod. João Leme dos Santos km 110 - SP-264 Bairro do Itinga - Sorocaba CEP 18052-780, Sorocaba, 18052-780, BRAZIL.
Nanomaterials stand out for their exceptional properties and innovative potential, especially in applications that protect against space radiation. They offer an innovative approach to this challenge, demonstrating notable properties of radiation absorption and scattering, as well as flexibility and lightness for the development of protective clothing and equipment. This review details the use of polymeric materials, such as polyimides (PIs), which are efficient at attenuating ultraviolet (UV) radiation and atomic oxygen (AO).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRev Sci Instrum
December 2024
Atomic and Molecular Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400094, India.
We present a comprehensive overview of the commissioning process and initial results of a synchrotron beamline dedicated to atomic, molecular, and optical sciences at the BL-5 undulator port of the Indus-2 synchrotron facility, Raja Ramanna Center for Advanced Technology, Indore, India. The beamline delivers a photon flux of ∼1012 photons/s with high resolving power (∼10 000) over an energy range of 6-800 eV, making it suitable for high-resolution spectroscopy in atomic, molecular, and optical science. The energy tunability from vacuum ultraviolet to soft x-ray (6-800 eV) is achieved through a varied line spacing plane grating monochromator with four gratings: very low energy (VLEG), low energy (LEG), medium energy (MEG), and high energy (HEG).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem A
December 2024
Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.
To better understand the key kinetic mechanisms controlling heterogeneous oxidation in organic aerosols, submicron particles composed of an alkene and a saturated carboxylic acid are exposed to ozone in a variable-temperature flow tube reactor. Effective uptake coefficients (γ) are obtained from the multiphase reaction kinetics, which are quantified by Vacuum Ultraviolet Photoionization Aerosol Mass Spectrometry. For aerosols composed of only of alkenes, γ doubles (from 6 × 10 to 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Chem Chem Phys
December 2024
Sorbonne Université, CNRS, De la Molécule aux Nano-Objets: Réactivité, Interactions, Spectroscopies, MONARIS, Paris, 75005, France.
The distribution of isomeric species in the interstellar medium cannot be directly related to their relative energetic stabilities but more to their mechanisms of formation and evolution. The abundances of the three isomers of CHO, cyclopropenone, propynal and propadienone, are an example among many other interstellar species wherein kinetic effects control their presence in astrophysical regions. To date, only propynal and cyclopropenone, the two less stable isomers of propadienone, have been detected in the interstellar medium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
December 2024
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
After nearly 50 years of searching, the vacuum ultraviolet Th nuclear isomeric transition has recently been directly laser excited and measured with high spectroscopic precision. Nuclear clocks based on this transition are expected to be more robust than and may outperform current optical atomic clocks. These clocks also promise sensitive tests for new physics beyond the standard model.
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